ABSTRACT!

 

Discrimination through language in Port-au-Prince, Haiti

 

Although the language Creole, Haitian Creole or sometimes called French Creole was a key element that led the Revolution that helped abolish slavery in Haiti, a French colony a the time, the language has never been a subject of study, or the center of historical studies. It was widely spoken during the colonial era and still spoken by most Haitians. Creole is the demotic of Haiti, thus it is essential for a comprehensive understanding of Haiti’s history, culture, and  folk wisdoms. However, Creole has been officially recognized as the official language of the country only about twenty years ago. That being said, one must understand that there has not been a systematic use of Creole in schools in Haiti for many years. To understand Creole’s status today, I offer to go back into time to trace the educational system of Haiti. Consulting authors like Micheal J. Dalsh, and Arthur K. spears, Michel Degraff among others, I propose to collect some interesting facts about the contradictions and ironies that surround the use of this language in Haiti.

Stephanie

“The English Effect” — an exhibit at the British Council

While I was in London this week, I found myself in the lobby of the British Council — an agency of the British government that promotes British culture all over the world. The entire lobby was given over to an exhibit called “The English Effect,” which exemplified a lot of the kind of thinking that we have been talking about in class. The exhibit triumphantly offers statistics about the number of people learning English the world over (nearly 2 billion now), and the growing number of companies that require all employees to speak English (Renault, Nokia, etc.)

Here’s the website for “The English Effect”: http://www.britishcouncil.org/english/english-effect-exhibition-london

Have a look at it and let me know what you think. Is this a form of imperialism? Or is it simply a country justifiably celebrating its major export?

Hopi cultural objects Put out to Auction In Paris

Hi everyone,

On Friday, I was watching the news and this annoucement caught my attention.  Since we talked about the Hopi language and culture in class I thought that you might find this interesting.

 Despite  the Hopi tribes’s demands and the U.S ambassdor to France efforts to discontinue the process, several Hopi masks were sold to a collector; the incident caused quite a stir.  They raised about 752,000 Euros by selling these sacred Hopi  objects collection.  I first saw the news on tv5 Monde, and then I made some resaech and found one interesting article on Reuters.  Apparently, even Robert Redford protested against the sales of these objects.

One of the most  interesting things in this article is the collector’s comment :  “One day I might give some back,” said the collector, who declined to be identified. “But if it had not been for collectors in the 19th century who contributed to the field of ethnology, there would be very little knowledge of the Hopi.

I would like to know what would an anthropologist make  of that comment.  on one part, we have the Hopi tribes perspective; they think that selling these object is abominable. On the other end, the collector’s perspective; he/she think that their efforts to collect such objects help with the study of the culture.  What would be an anthropologist’s viewpoint. What do you guys think ?  

 There are many other interesting stuff that have been said in regards to the situation. I invite you all to read the article.  

This is the link for the article.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/04/12/entertainment-us-france-masks-idUSBRE93B0AH20130412

 Thank you

Stephanie Joseph

 

My Final Research Paper Topic

For my final research paper topic i am planning on researching the social differences between children who study two languages versus children who only study in one. I myself have experienced both styles of education, as i have written in my memoir paper, for 4 years i went to a Yeshiva where i studied in Hebrew for the first half of the day and than English for the second half. After that I only studied in a typical American public school where everything i learned was in English. I want to research the positive and negative effects of both styles of language. I want to find out the social ramifications of both styles as well as the level of grades that are achieved in both situations.

I recognize that John Quejada was very ambitious to have the prevention of making a language as exact and precise as Mathematics. At first, I relate to Quejada because of his wanting to mix cool aspect of many languages to combine it together. This, by the way, for me would represent an incentive to learn the language.  However, from my perspective, removing all metaphors form a language would make the language  dull. Even Math has its own metaphors. These metaphors could be either clear : the sum of two and two; which is four. There are others that are more complex the product of the square root of the number 16 by the integer 1, still 4. Metaphors, apparently are intrinsic to languages or communication.

John Quijada probably made a comprehensive effort in forming this language , but, to me, unlike these Ukrainians, the language is not so much appealing.

My memoir paper reflected the ambiguities of speaking Creole in Haiti. I would like to take it a step further and research the current status of creole today in Haiti.

The most interesting fact today is that unlike the situation of the common languages in the Central African Republic and in Bangui who are near extinction, the demotic of Haiti, Creole, is widely used and spoken by everyone. What you might be curious about is why am I concerned with this language if it is widely spoken. In fact, although it is widely spoken, Creole remains at  an undeveloped phase because no efforts have been made to enrich the language and make it a modern vehicle of communication and education. Maybe people did not deem this important, since any “broken or odd” pronunciation of French becomes Creole; some people even call it “French Patois”, which would not be exactly correct. In my research paper, one of the first thing I will aim at is try to define the language and its origin.

At some point in Haiti’s history, Creole went from “common language” status to “official language” status, just like French. What drove this change of status. But as of today, I can reassure you that the two languages are perceived entirely differently although they have the same status. How many official speeches are given in Creole?  Do we use creole in Haiti’s education system? I will try to provide a rough amount of how many books are published in Creole today. I will interview news publishers here in New York to talk about the current status of creole and on which occasion it is used or on which occasion it is not used. Are people concerned with the revival of  this language, which, even if spoken by the majority, is still placed in margins?

Stephanie Joseph

Final Paper: “Illegal” “Undocumented” “Unapologogetic”

For my term paper I would like to discuss the evolution of language focusing on the constant redefinition of words from generation to generation, group to group, and individual to individual. I would like to discuss what words “illegal” immigrants are now using to describe themselves and their fight for justice. They wish to no longer accept the term illegal and all it implies, as I never did, but rather claim their legality and human rights by replacing it with terms like “undocumented unafraid and unapologetic” to further the movement and change the debate on the undocumented. In not agreeing with the negative imperialistic and unfair nature  of the word and its place in the legal system, will replacing it with these words help eradicate the negative idea behind the word and change the law by changing the language itself? Can the death of a word be the death of an idea and an injustice?

My Reaction to Ithquil

I have never heard the word conlanging but I was somewhat aware of the phenomenon of linguistic hobbyists. It was interesting to learn how many people are doing this as a hobby and how widespread these made up languages can be. I thought it was really funny that the article referred to Yankee English as sounding like a “honking horn” I had never thought about it sounding like that and find it sort of subjective and inadequate, at least to me. The fact that Dothraki is heard by more people than the five languages mentioned combined was very eye opening and made me think about the death of a language in a new way, as well as the development of a language in a new way. I suppose the same was true of Klingon and Tolkien’s language at the time. I found it very funny that the creator of Ithquil began his language creating hobby after hearing Magma; I had a very different reaction to Magma the first time I heard it and did not even realize it was their own language so it was interesting to hear about this in music. When the article mentioned gendered languages and how it affects how we see objects I started thinking about the gendered words of the Polish language and how much that affected me and my view of objects and if  it would be negative or positive for my view of the world or simply neutral. I like that Quijada realizes his language is hypothetical and wouldn’t be widely used but would mainly be a blueprint to think about language in new more meditative, efficient and not at all vague manner. He also seemed to think that it would be perfect for philosophy which I would disagree with because I think philosophy is in itself a reflection on language and ideas expressed in different languages. I think metaphor, sarcasm and vagueness all have a place in language and that many words can be used to describe an idea or object and language does not have to be super efficient and quickly written or spoken. When he realized that the psychonetics people were using his language to create a political movement that would be more efficient after studying it and take over sovereign lands to create a new Soviet Block, it made me think of the power of language. If a language could really change the way you think about an idea and even the speed and efficiency of the idea just by speaking it differently, would it prove the Sapir-Worf hypothesis to be true?

Research Paper Topic

For my Final research paper I want to research. How and why the hebrew language managed to make a language that was lost. But evolved and was brought back to life through ancient hebrew text. What time period did it happen, who sparked the interest in forming the jewish language of hebrew.

Thoughts on “The Queen of Versailles”

What an interesting movie, that was first reaction when I finished watching “The Queen of Versailles”. It was a reaction that for me had no definite meaning, while I felt some disgust at this obscenely rich family “The Seigels” I realized that they were lost in their own world excess and consumption. I watched it a second time and found myself  moved towards the second half of the movie when the 2008 financial crisis hit the country and directly effected David Seigels company. I found the irony in David’s company selling  people time share, or dreams of owning for a period of time the lifestyle of a rich person. His empire was based on selling dreams, a dream he himself bought by borrowing cheap money to expand and maintain the cost of his enterprise. What moved be was how his wife Jacqueline dealt with the gradual loss of her lavish lifestyle.

The movie explains how she began as an software engineer working for IBM then moving on to  become involved in the pageant industry which would introduced her to her future husband David. Jackie is the star of the show; she manages simultaneously to pull off being a contorted emblem of the American dream, a spoiled beauty queen, and tragically compassionate. “I grew up in a one-bathroom, three-bedroom house, and I can remember I would have to wait in line to use the bathroom,” She meets David while participating in a pageant and after some courting got married. It seemed like the American dream, she married into money and her life changed. The movie goes to show how it all became easy for her, she became a big time spender, living her life in the “what is bigger is better” ideology. She had a large family, as Jacqueline herself would say “if it was not for the nannies I would not have been able to raise my kids”

But the man with the biggest slice of humble pie on his plate is David Siegel himself. Having his company Westgate expanding operations by building a large Tower in Las Vegas before the 2007 financial crisis seemed like a dream about to become reality. David would consolidate that dream by building building the largest single-family home in the country. The Seigels call it Versailles, after the 17-century French royal palace of the same name.  David refuses to turn the keys to his Las Vegas tower over to the bank, though it would mean his company Westgate could resume selling timeshares and that Versailles’ construction could restart. In a twist of unrecognized irony, David dedicates the Vegas tower to his deceased parents, whom his grown son Richard Siegel notes “were never wealthy [because] they lost their money in Las Vegas.”  The company then borrows from the bank against that mortgage at a much reduced rate from what they demand from their customers. It’s a profitable model when lenders are willing to dole out the loans; not so much when credit markets are tight or frozen. At one point David derides the bankers for making poor decisions, maybe not understanding that his own success was borne on the backs of securitized loans from subprime customers based on the false assumption of an ever-growing future. Soon the customers started to mirror the rest of the country going through the financial crisis by ceasing payments on their time-share loans Westgate’s situation became especially dire. That monthly cash flow was payroll for thousands of employees. For David there were no savings, per se, for the company, as unused capital was unproductive capital. Everything was tied up in the byzantine structure of multiple credit lines and properties in areas hit hardest during the recession.

Rather quickly the company’s staff is drastically reduced and David becomes effectively yolked to the whims of lenders that had made the whole operation possible. The Seigels begin the gradual demise from their abundant consumer lifestyle to a less privileged existence. While I felt bad for Jacqueline and her continual denial of reality I kept reminding myslef that this woman chose this lifestyle. She chose to be a trophy wife and marry and older wealthier David to reap the benefits, even her daughter admits this when she says “just because she is a trophy wife she does not deserve to be treated this way”. In a way she chose to give up some her dignity for the benefits of constant consumption. Her addiction of busying stuff  best be shown when we see the amount of bikes and other stuff she constantly buys. She might realize it but the maids just put the new bikes next to dozen or so old bikes that have not been used. Another Perspective is also wrought large by nanny Virginia Nebab, who gives viewers a tour of a playhouse, long abandoned by the Siegel children. Nebab uses the tiny structure as a refuge. David, for his part, is introspective; if he had to do it all over again he’d have fewer resorts, etc, but “No one is without guilt. I’m the same way” for getting used to cheap money. For all his introspection it was hard for me to sympathize with David. It seemed hard for him to not be in control. he was a consumer just like the rest of the family. He bought his wife, he wanted to build the biggest mansion, it was all about acquiring stuff. He seemed to have a hard time truly making a human connection, I could see this with his older son who worked for him. David game him an opportunity and means but they did not share a father son relation, it just seemed like a employer and employee affiliation. David’s relationship with his wife is properly portrayed towards the end of the movie when when a disappointing David says ” I feel like I am taking care of another child” .  He seems  bitter for the way things have worked out, at one point telling an interviewer that his marriage doesn’t make him happy. Jacqueline does seem childish in her obliviousness when the money started to dwindle. She confesses ignorance to the house being in foreclosure. She’s somewhat frustrated that her husband borrowed against the value of the land and house.  It is still difficult to reconcile my emotions on the subject matter of the film. The simple impression that, despite their great wealth, the Siegels are still human like the rest of us, with human faults, making mistakes and paying (slightly different) prices.  There is simply too much difference in wealth, or to be more precise in the adversity these people go through to make me relate to them in a human sense.  To me the differences matter more than the similarities and while the Seigels seem to be stuck in a loop of vicious consumerism their problems seem to material and unemotional for me to relate to them. I seemed to me that people like the Siegels really do play by different rules, the social chasm that income disparity had created became an unavoidable social norm and in “The Queen of Versailles” the cultural in-sensitivities of the ultra-rich are on full display. This can be seen when a cost-cutting Jacqueline earnestly asks the Hertz car rental guy, “What’s my driver’s name?”