Author Archives: trudy.ochere

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Notes from Underground, Part One

Note From Underground Part One versus Buying Homes by the Thousands(Business Day)

Throughout Notes from Underground, the narrator is constantly demonstrating that he is not capable of making any rational decision with confidence. He is able to think of all the many different consequences that his actions may cause…one might even call him overly cautious. The underground man believes that only people who are stupid will act in complete confidence without questioning themselves. He says “Such a man simply rushes straight toward his object like an infuriated bull with its horn down, and nothing but a wall to stop him.” (Notes from Underground Part one Page587).This can be compared to the article ‘Buying Homes by the Thousands’ because it appears as though the investors are buying a plethora of homes without thinking about the possible consequences. They are acting irrationally and only a wall, loosing lots of money, will stop them. As the article says “Nobody has ever tried this on such a large scale, and critics worry these new investors could face big challenges managing large portfolios of dispersed rental houses”(Buying Homes by the thousands Paragraph 3). It is evident that the critics would agree with the underground man whereas the investors would disagree. By buying many different rental properties that are all spread out, they are taking a big risk because “Typically landlords tend to be individuals or small firms that own just a handful of homes.”(Buying Homes by the thousands Paragraph 3). So not only are the investors taking a financial risk, they are also risking not being successful landlords since they will have so many properties to manage and so many tenants; making it more likely for tenants to become displeased. Even though the investors seem to be making this decision in confidence, critics disagree and believe the market is not so bad that investors should irrationally invest in such vast amounts of property without thinking of the possible consequences

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The M.R.S. and the Ph.D. V. The Taming of the Shrew

The parallels between “The Taming of The Shrew” and “The M.R.S. and the Ph. D.” is very interesting because even though the women were to be married, Baptista still employed school masters to provide some level of education to the women. Also, despite that the article states that over time, men have evolved to desire a highly educated woman, it never points out the fact that most women, more so than men, with college degrees are still forced to put their career on hold one way or another in order to raise a family. Despite all the progress that has been made, the fact still remains that there are still more women who make sacrifices to raise a family than there are men.

This leads me to question, do men just want women with a certain level of education because they value her knowledge and highly respect it? Or do men believe that having an educated wife is a reflection of who they are? The M.R.S and the Ph.D states, “By 1996, intelligence and education had moved up to No. 5 on men’s ranking of desirable qualities in a mate. The desire for a good cook and housekeeper had dropped to 14th place, near the bottom of the 18-point scale.”(The M.R.S and the Ph. D…paragraph 10) I believe that is because society as a whole has evolved to judge a person by who their spouse is and that over time it became more desirable for a man to have a wife with a higher education. In the past, when women seeked to marry a man of high education, it was in hopes that he would have a respectable career and be able to provide for a family. I personally do not believe that men are now rating education of higher importance because they want a woman who is capable of securing a good job in order to provide for a family.

Even during Bianca’s and Katherine’s time, it was standard for a woman from a high class family to be educated in the arts, such as singing and playing music. Both Bianca and Katherine are provided lessons in Latin and taught how to play musical instruments, being as they were both destined to marry one way or another, does it not make it appear as though they were provided education so they could entertain and carry a decent conversation with their husband and his peers? What other purpose could there have been for the women to be educated in the musical arts? Even as Hortensio and Lucio pretend to be tudors in order to woo Bianca, it is apparent that none of them care whether she is thoroughly educated or not. They are both more interested in getting close to her than her education. During Lucentio’s session with her he says, “…as I told you before…I am Lucentio,…Vicentio of Pisa…disguised thus to get your love…”(Act3 Scene1 Lines33-35). Prior to Petruchio expressing interest in Katherine, it seems as though Baptista only had intentions of providing education for the daughter that was more likely to get married and yet when it appears as though there is a potential mate for Katherine, Baptista then offers Katherine an education after all. So even in that time period, women were educated to some extent, however limited it was.

In today’s society, even though men rate the importance of education higher than they did in the past, do they actually encourage their wife’s to pursue their professional career and become high earning CEO’s? Or does the average man want a smart wife who will be a good reflection of him to his family, friends and co-workers? I do not disagree that an educated woman is much more likely to get and stay married as opposed to an uneducated woman, as the article states, “…by age 30, and especially at ages 35 and 40, college-educated women are significantly more likely to be married than any other group… an educated woman still single at age 40 is much more likely to marry in the next decade than her less educated counterparts.” .”(The M.R.S and the Ph. D…Page1 paragraph13) It is very undeniable that if a woman was to try and play ‘dumb’ in order to get married in this century, they will not be met with success.

The progress that society has made as far as valuing an educated women is very apparent however, it still remains that there are more successful men than there are women and also, it is more likely for a woman to make some sort of sacrifice in order to raise a family than a man. Even though there are some families in which both partners have their own degrees, careers and also equally share the household chores, the average family today has a wife and husband both with college degrees and yet the husband is the main bread winner whereas the wife bares the responsibility of being the home maker. Having a degree and using it are two completely different things. Most of the women getting divorced today have at least a bachelor’s degree and yet with no work experience they are realizing that it is hard to obtain employment in the field they have their degree in. Why is it the woman who always has to put her career on hold in order to maintain the home and raise the children? So yes, the average man do now seek higher educated women and yet he stills expects his wives to cook clean, keep the children clean and run to embrace him when he comes home from work and yells out “I’m home dear.”… (While her college degree collects dust in the attic or hangs on the wall). I also find it very telling that the article says that when a man is married to a highly educated woman, he is more likely to help her with the house work. As the article states, “the higher a woman’s human capital in relation to her husband — measured by her educational resources and earnings potential — the more help with housework she actually gets from her mate.”(The M.R.S. and the Ph. D Page2 Paragraph4)…my question is why is it considered that he is “helping her” when it should be both their responsibility to take care of the home? So yes, men now prefer a woman with a higher education…my question is why then is it still primarily the woman’s responsibility to do all the household chores? Unless of course she is highly educated enough to receive some assistance from her husband. I am not disagreeing that great progress has been made however ,there is still some work to be done to achieve true fair balance and equality.

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The Taming of the Shrew Verses Romney Faces Rebels on the Right and Softness in the Middle

Bianca is to Blank as Romney is to adaptable. When Romney decided to run for president, I doubt he had any (idea) that one small literature classroom would have (cause, reason) to compare him and his campaign with one of Shakespeare’s, plays let alone “The Taming of the Shrew.” Undoubtedly the similarities between Romney as a presidential candidate and his campaign as a whole can be compared to the play from multiple different angles: Bianca’s  attitude towards her marriage and courtship is (similar) to Romney’s towards his campaign being as neither one of them have a strong stand or opinion on any one matter…also, Romney’s campaign is much like a courtship and in the same way Romney is having difficulty winning over a majority of republican voters, Petruchio is facing resistance with Katherine. Bianca’s debut in the play was enough to sum up her character. She stands my meekly as her father discusses her future and marriage, she readily agrees to comply to whatever he wishes for her to do by saying “…Sir, to your pleasure humbly I subscribe”. My books and instruments shall be my company, on them to look and practice by myself.”(Act1 Scene 1 Lines 82-84) The young lady never once says how she truly feels about her father’s dictatorial method in choosing how and who she would become betrothed to in other words, she aims to please …much in the same way that Romney aims to please Republican voters by aiming to be the most ‘republican’, republican candidate.  Katherine on the other hand is much more fired up about her fate and makes sure her father is aware of this by voicing her thoughts. “I pray you sire, is it your will, To Make a stale of me amongst these mates?(Act1Scene1 lines 58-59). Being as this is the first line Katherine says in the play, the audience is immediately aware of what a spitfire she is…she leaves a lasting impression with her fiery personality.  With Bianca on the other hand, besides her beauty, has no other memorable trait. According to the news paper article, “The opening batch of primaries and caucuses have also shown Mr. Romney’s limitations as a candidate. It has raised questions about his consistency and highlighted his tendency to say things that get him in trouble.” (Romney Faces Rebels on the Right and Softness in the Middle) Mr. Romney has a tendency to get in trouble because he says one thing to please a group of people one day then says something else to please another group. The average American would describe Romney as the rich no-decisive candidate, just as any off Bianca’s suitors would describe her as beautiful and obliging. In both their cases, you can shape them to be whatever you want them to be being as they chose to not take strong dedicated non-wavering stand on anything. Their personalities allow anyone to fill in the blank.

Presidential campaign is to courtship as inauguration is to marriage and impeachment is to divorce. In much the same way that sisters Katherine and Bianca are being courted by their suitors in hopes of obtaining the lady’s hand in marriage, the American public is currently being courted by Romney in hopes that he will be elected as president. Just as Romney faces challenge with the voters, Lucentio and Hortensio face difficulty with getting access to Bianca and in addition, Petruchio faces a battle getting Katherine to become smitten with him. Just as people have different reasons for pursuing marriage and will marry for different reasons, voters also chose who to support using different logic. “There are those who vote with their heart and those who vote with their head” (Romney…middle). Hortensio and Lucentio both seek marriage with their heart, Petruchio with his head, Katherine would  rather not get married at all and Bianca…well no one knows exactly what she wants. Act 2 Scene 1, Lines 190 to 293 clearly demonstrate the cat and mouse game between Katherine and Pertruchio however he does not get discouraged because even before he met her, he said to himself “…Say that she frown, I’ll say she looks as clear as morning roses newly washed with dew. Say she be mute and will not speak a word, then I’ll commend her volubility.” (Act2 Scene1 Lines80-83). Before he met Katherine, Petruchio is using his head to think and make sure he approaches her in a way that will make him appear irresistible, just as Romney wants voters to find him to be the clear obvious choice for a candidate. However, he underestimated her spirit by saying “Nay, come, Kate, come. You must not look so sour (Act2 Scene2 Line42). To which she replies “It is my fashion when I see a crab”. Gaining affection, just like a presidential vote, is not an easy feat. Also, it is often said that when you first start dating someone, the version of themselves they present to you is their representative and only after marriage will their true self emerge. Romney seems to be attempting to sweet talk republicans into electing him by appearing to be the perfect republican. In summary, the obvious similarity between Bianca and Romney is the fact that they are docile and seem eager to please, Bianca with her father and Romney with the voters.  Much like Bianca, Romney never takes a strong stand on any one issue. They broader connection is that comparing an election with a marriage and yet, it is the more mind stimulating comparison…and let’s not forget, just as one can divorce a spouse, a president can be impeached.

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The Taming of the Shrew versus Oroonoko

In both Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew and Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko, the theme of ‘superiority’ is absolutely undeniable, subtle as it may be in The Taming of the Shrew, it is present non the less.

Both works of literature begin by setting the tone of social hierarchy, in The Taming of the Shrew, the play within the play, the play starts off with a Lord playing a trick on Christopher Sly, a drunken beggar, by having his servants work together to make him believe he is not a low class beggar but rather a Lord. In the Induction, after noticing Sly, the Lord tells the   Huntsmen “…Sirs, I  will practice on this drunken man. What think of you if he were conveyed to bed, wrapped in sweet cloths, rings put upon his fingers…would not the beggar then forget himself?…then take him up, and manage well the jest.” (Inductions Section1 Lines 37-47) It is very apparent that the Lord believes playing this decietful trick on Sly will be humerous and entertaining for himself.  This is somewhat similar to  Oroonoko being held against his will on the ship, then being promised a freedom by the captain. A freedom he never received despite the Captians own words of assurance, “he assured him he would revoke his resolution his resolution, and set both him and his friends ashore on the next land they should touch at; and of this the messenger gave him his oath, provided he would resolve to live.”(page 318 lines 37-39). Just as Sly was made to believe he is actually a Lord and not the beggar he is, Oroonoko is made to believe he will gain freedom, and he yet the Captain never grants him his freedom and Orookono realizes he was actually somewhat decieved.

Another instance in The Taming of the Shrew that further puts on display the signifcant of social heirarchy occurs when Hortensio(as Litio) witnesses Bianca kissing Lucentio(as Cambio). Hortensio becomes so insulted that Bianca, a lady of high class, would entertain the effections of Lucention(as Cambio),her tudor, that he decides to cease pursing her. He tells Tranio(as Lucention) “See how they kiss and court! Signior Lucentio, here is my hand, and here I firmly vow never to woo her more, but do forswear her as one unworthy all the former favors that I fondly flattered (her) withal.”(Act4 Scene2 Lines27-32) Hortensio is perfectcly okay with competing for Bianca’s hand when he bleieves all the other men courting her are noble Lords, the second he believes she is allow a working class man to court her, he instantly givse up and even goes so far as to say she is not worthy of everthing he did in the past to gain her effections. It is evident that  he believes himself to be too superior to take a wife who would kiss a man that is beneath him. Just as Hortensio believes to be better than Cambio, Aphra Behn’s description of Oroonoko clearly shines light on the fact that black people were thought of be inferior in absolutely everything, and everyway including physical appearance. Aphra Behn narrates: “…His nose was rising and Roman, instead of African and flat; his mouth, the finest shaped that could be seen, far from those great turned lips which arew so natural to the rest of the Negroes….” Her description is dripping…no more so drenched and soaking wet with implication that most black people are not considered to be atrractive, making Oroonoko’s good looks even more striking being as his features are more Romanesque, and not African. It is as if a black person has to be extra attractive to be considered pleasing to the eye.

Although in The Taming of the Shrew the superiority is more in the form of social heirarchy with no regard to race and in Oroonoko it is all about race, it is still very undeniable in both works of literature the presence of one group of people believeing themselfs to somehow be better than another group…what gives any one or group of people the right to self pronounce themselfs…superior?

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The Taming of the Shrew vs. The M.R.S and the PH.D.

The parallels between “The Taming of The Shrew” and “The M.R.S. and the Ph. D.” is very interesting because even though the women were to be married, Baptista still employed school masters to provide some level of education to the women. Also, though the article states that over time, men have evolved to desire a highly educated woman, it never points out the fact that most women with college degrees are forced to put their career on hold in order to raise a family. This leads me to
me to question, do men just want a women with a certain level of education so that she can hold her own in a conversation with him and his peers? Or do men believe that having an educated wife is a reflection of who they are? Both Bianca and Katherine are provided lessons in Latin and taught how to play musical instruments, being as they were both destined to marry one way or another, does it not make it appear as though they were provided education so they could entertain and carry a decent conversation with their husband and his peers? In today’s society, even though men rate the importance of education higher than they did in the past, do they actually encourage their wife’s to pursue their professional career and become high earning CEO’s? Or does the average man want a smart wife who will be a good reflection of him to his family, friends and co-workers? Even though there are some families in which both partners have their own degrees, careers and also equally share the household chores, the average family today has a wife and husband both with college degrees and yet the husband is the main bread winner whereas the wife is more of a home maker. Having a degree and using it are two completely different things. Most of the women getting divorced today have a bachelor’s degree and yet with no work experience they are realizing that it is hard to obtain employment in the field they have their degree in. Why is it the woman who always has to put her career on hold in order to maintain the home and raise the children? So yes, the average man do now seek higher educated women and yet he stills expects his wives to cook clean, keep the children clean and run to embrace him when he comes home from work and yells out “I’m home dear.”… (While her college degree collects dust in the attic or hangs on the wall)

Posted in Shrew, MRS and Ph.D. | 5 Comments