In this piece, Lev Manovich have an in depth discussion of the principles of new media. He said that these principles are not to be obeyed by all new media, but in one way or another should be of general considerations.
He started the list with Numerical Representation. Although art is not often seen beside mathematics, he said that new media can be mathematically explained. He said that math can help improve or modify art in anyway possible through algorithmic manipulation, which I thought makes sense although “algorithmic manipulations” is not normally used in place of “editing.”
Second, he talked about Modularity. The idea is that each individual new medium consists of different elements that make up its identity as a work of art. Monarch is saying that if you think hard enough, you’d realize what different pieces combine together to solve a puzzle.
Coming third in the list is Automation. This principle is the offspring of the first two. Monarch explained automation to allow the reduction if nor removal of human intentionality in the overall process of production. This principle makes it easier, faster, and more detailed to start on a medium.
Fourth, there’s Variability. It is about how media objects can be different controlled variables themselves. The idea is that they can can change through different procedures (again, through principles one and two) and in the end, are not in their fixed forms.
Monarch ended the list with Transcoding. Monarch noted that computerization turns media into computer data. On that note, the idea of this last principle is that new media play alongside elements that are formulated by computers. Without these elements, these new media would not be complete and not have enough dynamics.
These five principles tell us that through time, we now see art besides mathematics. We now get to understand the correlation and coexistence of art and mathematics. In this new age, the integration of computer programs and other capabilities really has shaped the present pre- and post-production of new media.