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Thursday, Oct. 19: Script Writing and Narration

Script Writing Exercise

Write a very brief practice script with only 2-3 sound bites taken from the short practice interview you did. Post your practice script to the class blog by the end of today’s class time, and record your narration by class time on Tuesday. You will need your raw interview, your script, and your narration for an audio editing exercise in class that day.

Here’s my example script based on a very short interview I did with another professor back in the spring. Note some of the different elements of script writing:

  • Host intro serves essentially as your nut graf: gives the overall who/what/where/when/why of the story and puts it in a larger context
  • First-person narration in the present tense
  • Visual/descriptive, paint a picture to add context to the natural sounds
  • Set up sound bites by introducing the person by their full name and often by paraphrasing or hinting at what they’re about to say.
  • Avoid long, rambling, complicated sentences.
  • End with a final line of narration that looks to the future in some way.

HOST INTRO: With CUNY schools transitioning to online learning this week amid the coronavirus outbreak, professors across New York City are getting creative. Emily Johnson spoke to one CUNY adjunct about what it’s like trying to teach during a pandemic.

AMBI: Nat sounds of tea kettle boiling (FADE DOWN AS TRACK BEGINS)

TRACK: I’m here with Anna Ficek in her Brooklyn apartment, watching her make tea while she works from home. She’s a PhD student at the CUNY Graduate Center and when she’s not working on her dissertation she teaches art history at Baruch College and Borough of Manhattan Community College, or BMCC.

ACT: ANNA: When I found out that everything was getting shut down and especially CUNY I felt extremely sad. Because CUNY is such a big part of my life, such a great community that it was hard to feel that kind of dissipating.

TRACK: She says teaching from home has been a real challenge because of the way she runs her classes.

ACT: ANNA: It’s been very difficult to adapt to teaching remotely just because I really value the discussion I have with my students.

TRACK: Still, she’s trying to see this as an opportunity.

ACT: ANNA: What I’m hoping to get out of this is more time to really focus on what’s important both in terms of teaching and my own dissertation and my own research and trying to figure out creative problem solving ways to deal with these new issues that are going to come around like libraries being closed and inaccessibility to archives and how myself as an academic and as a researcher can get around that. So challenges, but also good challenges!

TRACK: CUNY schools will continue with distance learning for at least the remainder of the spring semester. For Baruch College, I’m Emily Johnson.

Recording Narration

Finally, record the narration you wrote in your practice script. You don’t need to send this to me yet; just make sure it’s accessible to you on Tuesday because you will use it in a sound editing/mixing exercise that day.

You’ll need to record your narration in a quiet place with sound-absorbing surfaces. Some people use their closet as a makeshift studio; others just throw a blanket over their head. If your room is carpeted, has curtains and lots of plush surfaces, the sound quality should be decent.

It’s best not to drink or eat dairy products right before recording narration; it makes your voice sound thick.

Try not to speak from high up in your throat. Speak from lower in your belly.

Good posture is important.

Some people in the radio world warm up their voices by singing, stretching, and/or doing tongue twisters.

Upcoming Due Dates

Rough draft of script is due Thursday, Nov. 2. On this day, we won’t have class as normal; you will all sign up for a one-on-one editing session with me over Zoom. I’ll send out a sign-up sheet as it gets closer.

Final radio story is due Thursday, Nov. 7.

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Radio, continued

Practice Radio Assignment

There are several steps to producing a radio news story, so we’re going to do a short practice assignment to give you a feel for how it all comes together.

  1. RECORD your interviews and other sound.
  2. WRITE the script. (You can’t do this until you’ve completed the reporting, because you need to write around the scenes and sound bites you’ve gathered.)
  3. TRACK. Once you have finalized your script with the help of your editor (in this case, me) you can move forward with tracking, or recording your narration.
  4. MIX. Now that you have all the sound elements you need (sounds bites/acts, narration/track, and natural sound/ambi) you can go ahead and edit the radio story in Audacity and export the finished WAV audio file.
  5. PUBLISH. You’ll upload the WAV file to Soundcloud and post a link to the class blog along with a good title and your final script.

By this Thursday’s class, you’ll need to have completed only the first step of the practice assignment. Record a five-minute interview. Could be with anyone: a family member, classmate, friend. I’ll send out a video tutorial for using the audio recorders.

Discussion: The Power of Voices and Speech Patterns

When we hear someone speak, what are the different things we pick up on? What are the things we assume about them?

“NPR Voice”

During a recent long car ride whose soundtrack was a medley of NPR podcasts, I noticed a verbal mannerism during scripted segments that appeared on just about every show. I’ve heard the same tic in countless speeches, TED talks and Moth StorySLAMS — anywhere that features semi-informal first-person narration.

If I could attempt to transcribe it, it sounds kind of like, y’know … this.

That is, in addition to looser language, the speaker generously employs pauses and, particularly at the end of sentences, emphatic inflection. (This is a separate issue from upspeak, the tendency to conclude statements with question marks?) A result is the suggestion of spontaneous speech and unadulterated emotion. The irony is that such presentations are highly rehearsed, with each caesura calculated and every syllable stressed in advance.

In literary circles, the practice of poets reciting verse in singsong registers and unnatural cadences is known, derogatorily, as “poet voice.” I propose calling this phenomenon “NPR voice” (which is distinct from the supple baritones we normally associate with radio voices).

Here’s an intro by Ira Glass: see what they mean?

Decoding identity on the air:

“He was hinting at the difficult balancing act reporters face in developing their on-air voice. It isn’t just a challenge of performance — and it’s not as simple as channeling some “authentic” voice into a microphone. It requires grappling with your identity and your writing process, along with history of your institution.”

Challenging the Whiteness of Public Radio

Does public radio sound too white? NPR itself tries to find out.

The reason the sound of your own voice makes you cringe

Why your voice IS a “podcast voice”

On accent bias in the industry, by Baruch’s own Gisele Regetao:

The Many Voices of Journalism

Podcast: Gisele Regatao on NPR’s accent bias

Common speech patterns in today’s world that everyone (men, too!) use all the time:

Upspeak

Vocal fry

“Like”

According to Ira Glass:

“…listeners have always complained about young women reporting on our show. They used to complain about reporters using the word “like” and about upspeak… But we don’t get many emails like that anymore. People who don’t like listening to young women on the radio have moved on to vocal fry.”

Why old men find young women’s voices so annoying

99% Invisible podcast responds to criticism about women’s voices

So all of this leads us to the question: How can we be intentional about how we use our voices to tell the best stories as effectively as possible?

Luckily, in radio/podcasting, speaking naturally is what we actually WANT. No one wants to listen to a robot, or someone who sounds like they’re reading.

How I learned to stop worrying and love my voice

Draft of script is due Nov. 2

Final edited radio story due Nov. 9

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