After I read the first chapter, I think the sentence that stood out the most to me was “A new media object is not something fixed once and for all, but something that can exist in different, potentially infinite versions. potentially infinite versions.” This quote reflects one of the five principles he mentions in the text, ‘the principle of mutability’, in which he emphasizes that digital media are not fixed, unlike traditional media such as movies or books, which exist in a single form; digital media are fluid. He emphasized that digital media are not fixed, unlike traditional media such as movies or books, which exist in a single form, but digital media are fluid and can be modified and updated all the time with the progress of the times. Moreover, in the current digital environment, users can generate their own media images on different platforms. This mutability is at the heart of contemporary consumption and creativity. The principle of mutability is based on the characterization of the article as dynamic and changeable rather than static. New media content can be modified and adapted to different users, devices, and environments to produce more varied versions. For example, web pages, video games, social media, and AI generation can give users different outputs based on different inputs. This shows that content in the new media era is always flexible, unlike the traditional media which is fixed and unchanging. This malleability not only enhances user engagement and personalization, but also drives innovation in digital media, where users are not only viewers of content but also content authors and co-creators through creation, retweeting, and commenting. However, this variability also brings drawbacks such as content authenticity, copyright ownership, and user privacy risks. Nevertheless, variability is still a core advantage of this era, and with the advancement of AI, VR/AR and other technologies, the variability of digital media will be further enhanced, and digital media will bring richer and more immersive experiences to the users.