Claudius is the villain in the story of Hamlet. He kills the old Hamlet, and he married his wife, Gertrude, so he is able to get the throne. Even though he might truly love Gertrude , this is still one of his plans to be the king of Denmark. However, when he discovers that the young Hamlet recognizes Claudius steals the throne from him,  he considers a lot of methods to get rid of the young Hamlet. Therefore, he is able to secure his throne. However, he dies at the end because he miscalculates what things will happen in the future.

Claudius is a person who is full of tricks, and he is extremely manipulative. Also, he is the person who catches “opportunities”precisely to fulfill his own desires.. For example, he uses death of Polonius to send Hamlet away, so he is able to use other people’s hand to kill Hamlet. Moreover, He tricks Laertes that Hamlet is responsible for his sister’s death. In other words, Claudius manipulates Laertes’s thinking, so Laertes is going to have revenge for his sister. If he is not full of tricks, he will not be able think of using other’s hands to finish his dirty works.

In the end, Claudius dies because of the poison he makes. This is the most ironic part of this story because he calculates everything, but the future doesn’t process the way he predicts. For example, he expects the King of England will finish Hamlet, but the pirates ruin his plans. Furthermore, he expects Laertes to kill Hamlet by using the poison he makes, but he is killed by his own poison. The moral of the story is that do not plot against other people because future cannot be predicted. And also, the plot you planed, it might be your own grave.

I will analyze The Analects written by Confucius. Confucius has a lot of impacts on East Asian’s life. I have noticed The Analects since I was in elementary school. The interpretations of the English version are a little bit different than the Chinese version. Many of East Asian’s life still follows the doctrines of the ideas of Confucius. He is the man who gives general educations to lower rank people while educations are only popularized in high rank people because of hierarchy. Therefore, Chinese believe he is the first teacher of the nation because he generalizes education systems for everyone regardless of their positions.

The most important ideology shapes East Asians’ society is “ritual” because the old saying of Chinese that “Nothing will be accomplished without norms and standards.” “Ritual” is not only a ceremony, but it also means to be polite as well as behaving properly to others. In The Analects Book VII 7.3, “The master said: ‘Failure to cultivate moral power, failure to explore what I have learned, incapacity to stand by what I know to be right, incapacity to reform what is not good – these are my worries’.” If everyone behaves without moral, then the society will be a salvage place. If nobody does good things, then the society will not be a harmony place. If nobody corrects what they have done wrongfully, then the society will not be a developed place. Confucius deeply concerns about the ways of people’s behaviors because he believes that “ritual” makes the world a better place.

Confucius also believes that justice brings happiness. In The Analects book VII 7.16, Confucius points out that “Riches and honors without justice are to me as fleeting clouds”. In the full version of The Analects gives an example, indicates that if a man gains something without a proper way, this is injustice. Although he might be happy for a short period of time, but he will be condemned by his own conscience because he knows it is not correct. On the other hand, in The Analects book VII 7.16, Confucius says “Even though you have only coarse grain for food, water for drink, and your bent arm for a pillow, you may still be happy.” In other words, Confucius believes that if people can satisfy their basic needs, they should not ask for more. Therefore, I anticipate that Confucius tries to say that enough is as good as a feast.