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Category Archives: Midterm Exam Review
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks, also called the mother of the modern-day civil rights movement would forever be remembered by her act of refusing to give up her seat for a white passenger. This act was a strong symbol for modern day civil rights. This event would later cause the Montgomery Bus Boycott and eventually the end of racial segregation on public bus transportations. 
Posted in 1953-1960, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review, Uncategorized
Tagged Civil Rights Movement, Montgomery bus boycott, Rosa Parks
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Identity Politics
Identity politics happens when members of an explicit subgroup get together in order to affect political or social change. Identity politics is not limited to the major racial or gender divisions, but extends into sexual orientation, ethnicity, citizenship status and other instances where a specific group feels persecuted. Homosexuals could organize political rallies to have stronger hate crime laws created or allow same-sex partners to qualify for marital benefits.
By identifying himself or herself as an African-American or a homosexual or a feminist, a person could focus his or her energy on a specific political cause. Under the focused umbrella of identity politics, such a compromise would have been much more difficult to achieve. This is why many organized minority political groups have largely abandoned the identity politics model for a more comprehensive approach to common goals.
Image source: http://z.about.com/d/politicalhumor/1/0/B/3/2/politics-yin-yang-sac0407bc.jpg
Posted in 1960-1968, Cultural History, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review, Political history, Social History
Tagged feminist, gender division, homosexuals, political groups
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The Cuban Missle Crisis
In 1962, American spy planes discovered Soviets installing nuclear missles in Cuba that could reach the U.S. After intense negotiations, Soviet leaders agreed to withdraw missles from Cuba and the U.S. agreed not to attack Cuba. They also agreed upon a treaty that banned the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere and space.
Posted in 1960-1968, Midterm Exam Review
Tagged Cuba, Cuban Missle Crisis, Soviet Nucs
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Greensboro Sit-In
The Greensboro Sit-Ins were an instrumental action in the African-American Civil Rights Movement, leading to increased national sentiment at a crucial period in American history. It all started with four African-American students who decided to sit at a segregated lunch counter in Greenboro, North Carolina, Woolworth’s Store. This lunch counter only had chairs/stools for whites, while blacks had to stand and eat. They were all aware that they weren’t goin to be served but they sat there anyways demonstrating their courage and determination to fight for their rights. Four days later 300 students were outside Woolworth’s protesting.
Posted in 1953-1960, Cultural History, June 16 assignment, Midterm Exam Review, Political history, Social History
Tagged African-Americans, Civil Rights Movement, Greensboro Sit-Ins
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BIRMINGHAM
The Birmingham campaign was a strategic movement organized by the (SCLC) to bring attention to the unequal treatment black Americans endured in Birmingham, Alabama, the most segregated city in the US in 1963
Organizers, led by Martin Luther King used non-violent direct action tactics to defy laws they considered unfair. King led a massive protest in Birmingham that caught the attention of the entire world, providing what he called a coalition of conscience. After the campaign ran low on adult volunteers, high school, college, and elementary students were trained by SCLC coordinator James Bevel to participate, resulting in hundreds of arrests and an instant intensification of national media attention on the campaign. The campaign used a variety of nonviolent methods of confrontation, including sit-ins at libraries and lunch counters, kneel-ins by black visitors at white churches, and a march to the county building to mark the beginning of a voter-registration drive.To dissuade demonstrators and control the protests the Birmingham Police Department, led by Eugine Connor, used high-pressure water jets and police dogs on children and bystanders. King was among 50 Birmingham residents ranging in age from 15 to 81 years who were arrested on April 12, 1963. It was King’s 13th arrest.
While imprisoned for having taken part in a nonviolent protest, Dr. King wrote the now famous “Letter from Birmingham Jail”
Posted in 1960-1968, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review
Tagged 1963, Birmingham, civil rights, Martin Luther King
1 Comment
Iran-Contra Affair
The Iran-Contra Affair was a political scandal revealed in 1986 which related to events that took place earlier in Reagan’s administration. Hezbollah, a political group in Lebanon, had taken numerous Americans hostage. In an effort to increase US-Iranian relations, the US would indirectly sell weapons through Israel to Iran and in turn, Iran would do everything in its power to convince Hezbollah to release the hostages. The plan essentially became an arms-for-hostage affair.
In 1984, Congress banned American aid to the Contras of Nicaragua who were trying to overthrow the communist Sandinista government. Colonel Oliver North along with other high ranking military personnel, devised a plan in which some of the profits from the weapons sale to Iran would be diverted to aiding the Contras. It was widely known that Reagan was a supporter of the Contra cause, but there has never been any proof which shows Reagan authorized the diversion of profits from the weapons sales to the Contras.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l8XWZcL7ZyY
Posted in 1969-1988, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review, Political history
Tagged anti-communist, Contras, Iran, Nicaragua, Reagan
1 Comment
Dwight Eisenhower
He was the 34th President of the United States from 1953-1961. He kept the containment policy in the Cold War and ended the Korean War in 1953. In 1954, his administration announced “massive retaliation” toward Soviet Union, that United States would fought back if US had recieved any attack from Soviet. He also decided to build Interstate Highway System to protect national security from attacking. His “Eisenhower Doctrine” provided aid and sent troops to the Mideast in order to prevent the spread of communism. Space Race started with Soviet after it launched the Sputnik satellite in 1957.
Posted in 1953-1960, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review
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McCarthyism
The extreme opposition to communism shown by U.S. Senator Joseph R. McCarthy and his supporters in the 1940s and 1950s. It’s the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, esp. of pro-Communist activity, in many instances unsupported by proof or based on slight, doubtful, or irrelevant evidence. It’s also the practice of making unfair allegations or using unfair investigative techniques, esp. in order to restrict dissent or political criticism.
The examples include the speeches, investigations, and hearings of Senator McCarthy himself; the Hollywood blacklist, associated with hearings conducted by the House Committee on Un-American Activities; and the various anti-communist activities of the FBI under J. Edgar Hoover. McCarthyism was a widespread social and cultural phenomenon that affected all levels of society and was the source of a great deal of debate and conflict in the U.S. (“Wikipedia”)
The image is from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McCarthyism
Posted in 1945-1953, 1953-1960, June 21 assignment, Midterm Exam Review, Social History
Tagged anti-communist, communism, disloyalty, evidence, McCarthy, McCarthyism
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Terrorist Attacks on 9/11
Terrorists Attacks on 9/11 has changed our society ever since. We are living in a new timeframe in which our government is deeply concerned with getting rid of the threat of terrorism that the United States along with the rest of the world faces. Ever since 9/11 the US has engaged in the War in Afghanhistan/Iraq. These wars as a result have brought much controversies, yet nevertheless are all a result upon the attacks of 9/11.
Posted in Midterm Exam Review
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Bush Doctrine
The Bush Doctrine was used to refer what was seen as a movement of President Bush towards unilateralism. It was early announced by him after 9/11. However, about four years later, it was codified in a document, National Security Strategy of the United States, that shifts the U.S. foreign policy.
The Bush Doctrine states that we have the right to anticipatory action to defend ourselves and the right of preemptive strike against other countries that we think it is going to attack us.
