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Colin Luther Powell was born in April 5, 1937. He is an American statesman and a retired four-star General in the United States Army. He was the 65th United States Secretary of State (2001–2005), serving under President George W. Bush. He was the first African American appointed to that position. During his military career, Powell also served as National Security Advisor (1987–1989), as Commander of the U.S. Army Forces Command (1989) and as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1989–1993), holding the latter position during the Gulf War. He was the first, and so far the only, African American to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Colin Powell was against the idea of invading Iraq. In November 2004, he resigns his position as Secretary of State, and three other Cabinet secretaries resigned as well.