Tag Archives: Woodrow Wilson

U.S Ultimatum to Germany regarding U-Boats

This here is a document from Woodrow Wilson giving an ultimatum to the German Government. This document is dated April 18, 1916.  Germany’s policy of unrestricted submarine warfare led the the sinking of the Sussex, a merchant ship traveling on the English Channel. Germany would later withdraw their policy and would warn vessels first before sinking them. But in 1917, Germany would reinsert this policy, thus breaking off diplomatic relations between the U.S and Germany.

http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/uboat1916_usultimatum.htm

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Wilson and Sussex Pledge

The document that I have linked here is then President Woodrow Wilson delivering  a speech to Congress on April 19, 1916 regarding the German attack on a French passenger ship called the Sussex.

Germany had a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare on armed ships but not passenger ships.  When the German U-Boats shot down the Sussex, the US had Germany make the Sussex Pledge which said that if Germany were to continue in this manner of firing on passenger ships, then the US would have no choice but to join the war in order to stop them.

In 1917, Germany felt that they could successfully destroy British shipping boats and end the war without the US having time to respond. They were very wrong. Upon the breaking of the Sussex Pledge, and a few other actions such as the Zimmerman note, the US joined World War I on the side of the Allies and Triple Entente.

The US was trying to maintain a stance of isolationism, but the Germans forced the US’s hand, and the US helped the Allies end the war.

http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Wilson_on_the_Sussex_Case

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Federal Reserve Act of 1913

Between 1836 and 1913, the United States banking system was not regulated by a central system. During this period, the United States economy experienced few financial panics. That happened because banks usually lent more money than they had in their reserves to cover sudden massive withdrawals. The signing of the Federal Reserve Act on December 23, 1913 was an important step taken by President Woodrow Wilson to make the financial system more stable. However, few years later, despite the creation of the Federal Reserve System, the United States experienced the Great Depression after the crash of the stock market in 1929.

http://www.llsdc.org/attachments/files/105/FRA-LH-PL63-43.pdf

Posted in 1900-1916, Economic History, June 29 assignment | Tagged , | 6 Comments