Author: NURCAN SENKAL

1. Cerasa, Antonio, et al. “The Impact of Covid-19 on Psychologists’ Practice: An Italian Experience.” Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Jan. 2022, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8739824/.

This article, authored by Cerasa et al. and published in the Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, investigates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the practice of psychologists, specifically focusing on the Italian context. The study, which can be accessed through the provided PubMed Central link, likely offers insights into how the pandemic has influenced psychologists’ professional activities, patient interactions, and overall well-being. While I cannot directly access the content, the research likely employs empirical methods to explore changes in psychologists’ practice patterns, technology adoption, therapeutic approaches, and emotional experiences in response to the unique challenges posed by the pandemic. This study is valuable for providing a firsthand account of the impact of a global crisis on mental health professionals’ work, potentially offering implications for adapting psychological services during times of disruption. Researchers, mental health practitioners, and policymakers interested in understanding the pandemic’s influence on psychological practice could benefit from this source.

2. The Challenging Journey from Trauma to Post‐traumatic Growth: Lived. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/scs.13037 Accessed 10 Aug. 2023.

This source presents a study on the transition from trauma to post-traumatic growth, focusing on the lived experiences of resilience. Although I can’t access the content directly, the study likely explores individuals’ narratives of resilience and positive transformation following traumatic events. The research may delve into the process through which individuals navigate the challenges of trauma and ultimately experience growth in various domains of their lives. As a peer-reviewed article, it is likely to provide empirical insights into the factors and mechanisms that contribute to post-traumatic growth. Scholars and researchers interested in understanding the nuanced dynamics of resilience and personal growth following trauma could find valuable insights in this source.

3. Collier, Lorna. “Growth after Trauma.” Monitor on Psychology, American Psychological Association, Nov. 2016, www.apa.org/monitor/2016/11/growth-trauma.

Authored by Lorna Collier and published by the American Psychological Association in the Monitor on Psychology, this article explores the phenomenon of growth after trauma. Accessible through the provided APA link, the article is likely to discuss how individuals can experience positive psychological changes and personal growth following traumatic events. While I cannot directly access the content, it is anticipated that the article delves into the concept of post-traumatic growth and its potential effects on an individual’s overall well-being. The source might highlight research findings, expert insights, and practical implications for both individuals who have experienced trauma and mental health professionals working with trauma survivors. This article is valuable for those seeking to understand the transformative potential of traumatic experiences and the ways in which individuals can thrive and find meaning in the aftermath of adversity. It serves as a resource for individuals interested in psychological resilience and the broader psychological impact of trauma.

4. Kim, J. J., Munroe, M., Feng, Z., Morris, S., Al-Refae, M., Antonacci, R., & Ferrari, M. (2020). Personal Growth and Well-Being in the Time of COVID: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648060 

In this exploratory study published in Frontiers in Psychology. Kim investigates the relationship between personal growth and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers employ a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to examine how individuals’ perceptions of personal growth have been impacted by the pandemic’s challenges. The study sheds light on the potential positive psychological outcomes that individuals might experience in the face of adversity. Through surveys and interviews, the authors gather data to better understand how personal growth can contribute to enhanced well-being in times of crisis. This article is a valuable resource for understanding the psychological effects of the pandemic and the potential for personal growth even amidst difficult circumstances. The multidimensional approach adopted by the researchers offers insights that can inform future interventions and support strategies aimed at promoting well-being during challenging times.

5. “Growth after Trauma.” Harvard Business Review, 31 Aug. 2021, hbr.org/2020/07/growth-after-trauma.

The article titled “Growth after Trauma” is hosted on the Harvard Business Review website. Although the publication date is provided as 31 Aug. 2021, the URL indicates that it was published in July 2020. The article is likely to explore the concept of post-traumatic growth, focusing on how individuals can experience positive personal and professional changes following traumatic events. While I cannot directly access the content, it is anticipated that the article discusses the implications of post-traumatic growth for personal development, leadership, and organizational resilience. Given the reputable source, the information is likely to be well-researched and relevant to both individuals and professionals seeking insights into navigating challenges and finding positive transformation in the wake of adversity. As a resource from a respected business publication, the article holds potential relevance for understanding the intersection of personal growth and professional success in the aftermath of traumatic experiences.

6. Kendra Cherry, MSEd. “How Different Personality Types May Adapt to Life after COVID-19.” Verywell Mind, Verywell Mind, 3 Aug. 2022, www.verywellmind.com/how-different-personality-types-may-adapt-to-life-after-covid-5180151.

Authored by Kendra Cherry and published on the Verywell Mind website, this article examines the potential ways in which individuals with different personality types might adapt to life after the COVID-19 pandemic. Available through the provided URL, the article likely offers insights into how various personality traits might influence individuals’ coping mechanisms, emotional responses, and behavioral adaptations in the post-pandemic world. Although I cannot directly access the content, the source is likely to discuss how traits such as extroversion, introversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness might impact individuals’ experiences as they navigate the changes and uncertainties brought about by the pandemic. As a resource from a reputable mental health platform, this article can be valuable for individuals seeking to understand the psychological implications of the pandemic on different personality types and how they might find resilience and growth in the face of ongoing challenges.

7. “Post-Traumatic Growth.” Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/post-traumatic-growth  Accessed 17 Aug. 2023.

The online article “Post-Traumatic Growth” is hosted on Psychology Today, a reputable platform for psychological information. This source provides an overview of the concept of post-traumatic growth, exploring how individuals can experience positive changes following traumatic experiences. Although I can’t access the content directly, the source is likely to discuss the idea that, contrary to the notion of exclusively negative psychological impacts from trauma, some individuals may undergo personal growth, resilience, and enhanced well-being as a result of their traumatic experiences. As the information is likely to be presented in an accessible format, this source may be useful for individuals seeking introductory insights into the phenomenon of post-traumatic growth and its potential implications for psychological well-being.

8. Robson, David. “The Complicated Truth of Post-Traumatic Growth.” BBC Worklife, BBC, 20 Feb. 2023, www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20220311-the-complicated-truth-of-post-traumatic-growth. 

Written by David Robson and featured on the BBC Worklife platform, this article delves into the nuanced concept of post-traumatic growth. Accessible through the provided URL, the article is likely to present a comprehensive view of post-traumatic growth, acknowledging its complexities and highlighting both its positive and challenging aspects. Although I cannot directly access the content, the source likely explores how individuals can experience personal development, resilience, and positive transformation following trauma, while also addressing potential pitfalls and misconceptions. As a reputable media outlet, the BBC Worklife article is likely to offer well-researched insights, expert opinions, and real-life examples to provide a balanced and thorough understanding of the topic. This source could be valuable for individuals seeking a well-rounded perspective on the psychological aftermath of trauma and the multifaceted nature of post-traumatic growth.

Growing up, I’ve always heard people tell crazy stories, whether it was breaking a bone or a car crash, the thought; “How could you sleep at night after experiencing that type of pain, physically and mentally?” romed in my head. Naturally, what I had put out came back to me. The phenomenon of post-traumatic growth shines a light on the human spirit’s remarkable capacity to transform adversity into strength, resilience, and newfound purpose. We see this in people who have endured war, natural disasters, bereavement, job loss and economic stress, serious illnesses, and injuries. So despite the result of misery, many of us can expect to develop in beneficial ways in its aftermath. And leaders can help others to do so. While trauma itself is undeniably painful and challenging, the potential for positive post traumatic growth in its wake is a testament to the incredible power of human adaptation and the indomitable will to thrive with specific patterns.  To anticipate significant results, it’s essential to have an understanding of both how the victim perceives the severity of the traumatic event and the victim’s core beliefs prior to experiencing the trauma.

I felt a surge of adrenaline and fear wash over me as I glanced at the 42nd Street train schedule. The F train wasn’t operating during the times I needed, and panic gripped me as I wondered how I’d get home. My attempt to check my phone felt like I was moving in slow motion. I coached myself to breathe and adjusted my mask under my nose to prevent hyperventilation. My head started to spin, and my heart pounded in my chest. My vision dimmed gradually, and with each breath, I leaned on the metal pillar beside the tracks to steady myself, unaware of what would unfold.

Amid the quiet, in this timeless moment, emptiness surrounded me. It felt like all progress had faded into the distance, and I confronted the potential end. The termination of life seemed to mark the conclusion of dreams, aspirations, and all futures; my motivation dissolved. Slowly, my surroundings registered in my awareness. Recognizing that my body lay almost effortlessly on the train tracks was bewildering. Were these my last conscious moments or the initial stages of the afterlife? My vision warped and blurred. Gradually regaining my senses, I discerned a dark, slender figure extending hands of support toward me. “Are you okay, miss?” their words reached me amidst the ringing in my ears. My entire body went numb. Feeling utterly powerless at the pinnacle of desperation is disheartening. Still, I mustered the strength to grasp their outstretched hands. 

Lost in my thoughts, I contemplated the unanswerable queries. What if a train had arrived? How would my mom adjust to saying “one” when asked about her kids? Being so close to death profoundly shifted my perspective on life. Facing death’s threshold granted me an opportunity to truly exist. Whether viewed as a fresh start, a second chance, or another opening, I’ve learned to pursue my aspirations relentlessly. My focus extends beyond personal achievement, encompassing those who care for me. In the face of anything, even myself, nothing can hinder me, except perhaps death. The persistent urge to get back up on my feet again was my main source of energy. And as days passed by, the aftermath brought me nothing but the right keys to maintaining my life. 

Enlightenment comes with an effort to understand the concept of living and everything eventually becoming nothing. While trauma itself is undoubtedly distressing and challenging to experience, I found myself being able to gain a positive perception.  Post Traumatic Growth (PTG), is “positive psychological change experienced as a result of the struggle with highly challenging life circumstances” (Lorna Collier). Often compared to resilience, PTG leans more toward the psychological elements one gains rather than just “snapping back quickly” after an incident. Surviving trauma can lead to the development of effective coping mechanisms and stress management skills. People can learn healthier ways to manage their emotions, navigate challenges, and prompt individuals to reassess their life goals and values, as well as motivate them to pursue things that truly matter and discard what isn’t necessary. 

Pondering over the chaos of Covid-19, it was a prolonged period of suffering followed by a disease that globally affected billions of people. Undergoing huge stress and worry during the pandemic, everyone was forced to take trauma in and lock it with themselves in the place they call home. Restrictions and disruptions to daily routines prompted people to reevaluate their priorities and values. Many began to question what truly matters to them and whether they were spending their time and energy on the right things. “The physical distancing measures necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in a massive withdrawal from the habitual patterns of daily life and in significantly less contact with other people. To many, such withdrawal can lead to disconnection and loneliness, a major cause of stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, self-harm, and suicidal ideation” (Kim J). After quarantine, people were eager to go back to their “normal life”, yet when things started to pick up the pace, the world was far from its old state. Due to the mental challenges, no one is ever going to be how they were before this fragment. In fact, psychologist Kendra Cherry states; “Those who feel that they have grown or discovered things about themselves over the past year may fear that “getting back to normal” means losing sight of these positive changes” (Kendra Cherry).

Though, we end up at a higher level, there is a low moment that can stretch for a period of time. My sister in laws mother is a prime example in this segment besides myself. The journey of a mother immigrating to America from a communist country and raising her two daughters while facing numerous challenges is a testament to her unwavering traits of determination and resilience. Her pursuit of a better life for her family is inspiring, reflecting the very essence of the American dream. However, life took an unexpected turn when tragedy struck in the form of a work-related accident that led to hip replacement surgery. Facing adversity is not new to this mother; it is a familiar theme in her expedition. From leaving behind the familiarity of her homeland to raising her daughters amidst cultural differences, she has consistently met challenges head-on. The accident becomes a new layer in her narrative, showcasing her ability to overcome, adapt, and find strength even in the face of unexpected setbacks.

Not only working multiple jobs, my sister-in-law described her mother as a “go go go” type of person before the tragedy. Following the two surgeries to perfect her hip, she spent years just perfecting her walk. From being in a cycle of chaos by going to work, feeding her husband, and raising her kids to practically starting over again in an emptiness of not being able to do anything left her in a ditch of depression. To top it off with a lawsuit, she had a load on her shoulders, struggling to upkeep a balance between herself and her household. Yet, as the lawsuit came to an end, there was a spark of support that pushed her to go outside for the first time. She stumbled across a flower shop in the vicinity, noticing all of the vibrant colors and various types of flowers. As her daughters witness her response to this new trial, it clicked. They learn invaluable lessons about resilience, courage, and the power of a positive mindset through a figure by their side. Especially as a mom, she was filled with hope that one day her daughters will bloom just like those flowers, surrounded by pureness regardless of the obstacles we’re bound to face. Her mother’s story becomes a source of inspiration for her and her sister, demonstrating the importance of perseverance, unity, and the pursuit of one’s dreams despite the hurdles life presents.

Now, you may point out the fact that not everybody goes through PTG and instead experiences PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). “In some cases, this narrative around the potential to grow could be oppressive,” says Jayawickreme, now a professor of psychology at Wake Forest University in North Carolina, US (David Robinson). According to psychologists Richard Tedeschi, PhD, and Lawrence Calhoun, Ph.D., post-traumatic growth is not simply a return to baseline. It requires an experience of improvement that, for some persons, is deeply profound. “We should be especially wary of encouraging people to see positive transformations resulting from their trauma.” He brings up not only one case study but multiple factors of living trauma and chances of growth afterward. Although PTG is more comfortable to talk about, in reality, these certain perceptions can cause expectations, which can be a very high risk for one’s mental health. He states, “ One study examined soldiers deployed in Iraq for 15 months after they had returned home from service. The soldiers who reported greater post-traumatic growth five months after their return tended to show worse symptoms of PTSD at the end of the study.” Depending on the situation, reactions after trauma can vary. Still, a vast majority of people are said to end on a positive note. “Subsequent research found evidence of post-traumatic growth in the survivors of many different crises – including relationship break-ups, bereavement, cancer diagnoses, sexual abuse, and immigration from war zones. And it seemed to be astonishingly common, with some estimates suggesting that as many as 70% of trauma survivors might experience PTG” (David Robinson). 

Though that 30% is still present, there are multiple approaches, with the support of psychologists, that can point us in a direction in order to promote a better outcome. In “Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences” published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, on behalf of the Nordic College of Caring Science, a purposeful sample of seven women and five men were selected whose backgrounds and history of trauma varied but who had all experienced post-traumatic growth. With full credibility to the National Bioethics Committee in Iceland, this opportunity gave the ability to deepen research on comprehending PTG. Based on their research, it is said that post-traumatic growth is indeed prevalent. Still, there are different factors that map out the process to help one end up on a positive note mentally. As participants began recounting their path from trauma to post-traumatic growth, researchers stated; “The six main influencing factors were significant others, environmental factors, further traumas, internal factors, professionals and the system and, finally, rehabilitation.” (The Challenging Journey from Trauma to Post‐traumatic Growth)  The outcomes of these traumas carried substantial weight, bringing them perilously close to compromising their physical and mental well-being. Nevertheless, they expressed gratitude for this demanding life ordeal and characterized their post-traumatic growth as a precious result of their hardship. Each of them detailed how this life experience had molded their character and fostered a positive shift in their perspective on life, even as they continued to confront challenging moments.

In order to predict relevant outcomes, we need to know both the traumatic event’s severity as perceived by the victim and the victim’s pre-trauma core beliefs. In embracing the concept of post-traumatic growth, we acknowledge the complexities of the human experience and the potential for transformation that exists within us all. By fostering a culture that encourages resilience, provides support, and celebrates the strength that can arise from adversity, we contribute to a more compassionate and empowered society where individuals can not only overcome trauma but also emerge from it stronger, wiser, and more connected to themselves and others.  

(Rhetorical Analysis)

“Post-Traumatic Growth” (PTG) refers to the concept that individuals can experience positive psychological changes following a traumatic event. The phenomenon of post-traumatic growth shines a light on the human spirit’s remarkable capacity to transform adversity into strength, resilience, and newfound purpose. We see this in people who have endured war, natural disasters, job loss, economic stress, serious illnesses, and injuries. Despite the result of misery, many of us can expect to develop in beneficial ways in its aftermath; and leaders can help others do so too. While trauma itself is undeniably painful and challenging, the potential for positive growth in its wake is a testament to the incredible power of human adaptation and the indomitable will to thrive.

Analyzing the rhetoric surrounding both the main concept and its sub-claim involves examining how language and communication strategies are used to convey the idea of growth after trauma and the outcome of its various facets. In “Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences” published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, on behalf of the Nordic College of Caring Science, a purposeful sample of seven women and five men were selected whose backgrounds and history of trauma varied but who had all experienced post-traumatic growth. With full credibility to the National Bioethics Committee in Iceland, this opportunity gave the ability to deepen research on comprehending PTG. Based on their research, it is said that post-traumatic growth is indeed prevalent. Still, there are different factors that map out the process to help one end up on a positive note mentally. As participants began recounting their path from trauma to post-traumatic growth, researchers stated; “The six main influencing factors were significant others, environmental factors, further traumas, internal factors, professionals and the system and, finally, rehabilitation.” The outcomes of these traumas carried substantial weight, bringing them perilously close to compromising their physical and mental well-being. Nevertheless, they expressed gratitude for this demanding life ordeal and characterized their post-traumatic growth as a precious result of their hardship. Each of them detailed how this life experience had molded their character and fostered a positive shift in their perspective on life, even as they continued to confront challenging moments.

“In some cases, this narrative around the potential to grow could be oppressive,” says Jayawickreme, now a professor of psychology at Wake Forest University in North Carolina, US. According to David Robson’s article “The complicated truth of post-traumatic growth”, post-traumatic growth is not simply a return to baseline. It requires an experience of improvement that, for some persons, is deeply profound. “We should be especially wary of encouraging people to see positive transformations resulting from their trauma.” He brings up not only one case study but multiple factors of living trauma and chances of growth afterward. Although PTG is more comfortable to talk about, in reality, these certain perceptions can cause expectations, which can be a very high risk for one’s mental health. He states, “ One study examined soldiers deployed in Iraq for 15 months after they had returned home from service. The soldiers who reported greater post-traumatic growth five months after their return tended to show worse symptoms of PTSD at the end of the study.” Continuing to remind us of the fact that results and topics can immensely vary due to sensitivity, yet due to this fragility, we are warned to remember that this is not guaranteed for each individual. 

Both articles employ ethos, pathos, and logos, but they each use these elements to emphasize different aspects of post-traumatic growth. Logical reasoning is presented behind David’s article by explaining how societal pressure to appear strong can be detrimental to mental health with the verification of numerous psychologists’ studies, whilst the Journal focuses on the great potential for post-traumatic growth to enhance well-being with first-hand experimental research. Personal stories of individuals who have gone through trauma are shared to be used as anecdotes, aimed to evoke emotions like empathy and concern in readers. Extended with the combination of proof behind their research which further clarifies their work, expressing their level of knowledge and trust to the audience. After researching both articles, the tone projected by each author is crucial for us to understand. In spite of similarities through ways of approach, with proper language two completely different pictures are depicted. In “Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences”, professionalism and empowerment is encouraged next to informative subjects, when  “The complicated truth of post-traumatic growth” tends to use cautionary language about the potential pitfalls of overemphasizing growth. 

Through expert credibility, emotional narratives, logical frameworks, and consistent rhetorical strategies, the discourse encourages individuals to recognize the potential for positive transformation after adversity and to consider the different dimensions in which growth can occur. In order to predict relevant outcomes, we need to know both the traumatic event’s severity as perceived by the victim and the victim’s pre-trauma core beliefs. In embracing the concept of post-traumatic growth, we acknowledge the complexities of the human experience and the potential for transformation that exists within us all. 

TWO SOURCES:

The Challenging Journey from Trauma to Post‐traumatic Growth: Lived …, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/scs.13037. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023.

Robson, David. “The Complicated Truth of Post-Traumatic Growth.” BBC Worklife, 20 Feb. 2023, www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20220311-the-complicated-truth-of-post-traumatic-growth. 

(Classmate: J. Rodriguez)

1. Thesis: does the thesis signpost the relevant rhetorical appeals and/or compositional conventions?
   • Jay’s thesis includes a topic of discussion as well as a brief overview of mental health and college students.
2. Topic Sentences: Do the topic sentences call back to the thesis?
   • Essentially, each topic sentence continues to prove the elements behind each piece and the point of his writing.
3. Analysis of rhetorical appeals/compositional conventions: when analyzing, critiquing the appeals/conventions utlitized by the authors, does the student establish a criterion for evaluating effectiveness (consider appropriateness of assumptions & evidence, timeliness, omissions, intended audience, research methodology, data gathering process, sample size, etc.)
   • Jay fluently points out the multiple aspects of appeal in which is strategically used in the article and study.
4. Evidence: Does the evidence quoted support the claims made by the student?
   • In order to prove the author’s techniques, there could’ve been quotes to support certain claims. There wasn’t any evidence.
5. MLA: Is the essay MLA compliant?
   • Not entirely.
6. General grammar and punctuation.
   • Easily understood with professional vocabulary.

Describe your overall ability to pay attention when it comes to school work (<100 words)On a scale of 1 – 10, indicate how addicted you are to you phones

On a scale of 1-10, I would say 6. I could just sit on the phone all day, but after a while it can get repetitive and kind of pointless. I enjoy maintaining the balance of my presence in reality and catching up on new things via virtually. With school and or classes, the phone plays a part, but there’s more of a burnout that vastly neglects my work. I’ll feel it mentally and physically, which will lead to the need of finding any kind of distraction.

While reading “My Distraction Sickness” please note how long it takes you to get through the piece (Google says it’s a 45 min read); also, count the number of times you get distracted (for whatever reason) and tally them at the end.

It took me around an hour, a little more than an hour. I started at 10:45 it is now 11:56. My brother came in my room, I went to the bathroom, saw a text on my phone, and annotated, so it took longer. Overall got distracted about 4-5 times.

Describe the tone of all three articles, how do they differ? (<100 words)

They both differentiate by one being; raw and persuasive on a warning and the other; proving the pros of multitasking leading to a better outcome

What are Sam Anderson’s primary arguments in defense of distraction? (see part III of In Defense of Distraction) Do you find them convincing? Why or why not (<150 words)

Sam Anderson argues that “distractions” are actually powerful. He mention the natural urge that comes to the brain, to constantly see or learn new information. This concept of multitasking is nothing but an addition to this and upcoming generation.

After reading all three articles, what are your thoughts on this “epidemic of distraction”? (<50 words)

I do believe the negatives weigh heavier than the pros of this epidemic. I knew it was bad but after reading “My Distraction Sickness”, I was left with my eyebrows high. Genuinely concerned for us and the future generation. There has been good with the advancement of technology, but some people will not hold back which can be troublesome.

1. Give a brief outline of the plot (action) of the film.

The film is set in feudal Japan and revolves around a murder in a forest. The plot is structured as a series of flashbacks and testimonies from different characters, each providing their own version of events surrounding the crime. The perspectives offered by the witnesses are often contradictory, creating a complex and thought-provoking narrative. The core events revolve around a bandit (Tajomaru) who claims to have raped a woman (Masako) and killed her husband (Samurai). Through a medium, the spirit of the deceased samurai also gives his account. These testimonies paint different pictures of the same incident, with each character trying to justify their actions and present themselves more favorably.

2. What are the main symbols in the film, what do they represent?

​​The forest is a symbol of the unknown and the chaotic. It represents the human subconscious and the complexities of the human mind. The shifting shadows and tangled trees within the forest mirror the complexity and contradictory nature of the characters’ testimonies. It also serves as a metaphorical space where the characters confront their innermost desires, fears, and guilt.

The ruined gate serves as a metaphor for the decay of society and the erosion of truth. It represents the collapse of the feudal order and the breakdown of moral values. The gate also serves as a physical and metaphorical threshold between truth and falsehood, emphasizing the ambiguity and unreliability of the narratives presented in the film.

The abandoned baby found by the woodcutter near the Rashomon Gate symbolizes hope, innocence, and the possibility of redemption. It contrasts with the dark and cynical nature of the adults involved in the crime, suggesting that humanity’s potential for goodness and compassion can overcome its inherent flaws.

3. What are the main philosophical questions (ideas) being raised by the film? How are these themes still relevant today?

The film challenges the notion of objective truth and highlights the subjectivity of human perception and memory. Each character’s account of the same event differs significantly, demonstrating how personal biases, motives, and emotions can shape one’s understanding of reality. This raises questions about the nature of truth itself and how we accurately understand events, both in personal experiences and broader societal contexts.

Amidst the moral complexity and human flaws, the film also offers glimpses of redemption and hope. The woodcutter’s decision to take care of the abandoned baby at the film’s end symbolizes the potential for goodness and compassion to prevail in a world tainted by dishonesty and selfishness. This theme remains relevant as a reminder that even in the darkest times, there is the potential for individuals to rise above their shortcomings and act with kindness and empathy.

4. How is the structure of the film important to the telling of this story?

The structure reinforces the philosophical questions raised by the film. The narrative technique mirrors the complexity of the film’s themes, encouraging contemplation on the nature of truth, the intricacies of human behavior, and the search for meaning in a world filled with uncertainty. The film creates an air of mystery and ambiguity by presenting multiple versions of the same event. The uncertainty surrounding the truth keeps the audience intrigued and engaged, fostering an atmosphere of suspense and intellectual challenge. The flashbacks and retelling of events from different perspectives draw attention to the malleability of memory, inviting the audience to contemplate the reliability of their own recollections and perceptions.

5. Who’s story did you find most trustworthy and why? 

I thought the movie’s point was that truth is relative; there is no such thing as absolute truth. Even though the woodcutter has clearly lied, he still wants to do the right thing and care for the child.

6. Consider the final scene when the Priest chooses to hand the baby over to the Woodsman. What is Kurosawa trying to say with this gesture?

​​In the final scene of “Rashomon,” when the Priest chooses to hand the baby over to the Woodsman, Akira Kurosawa uses this gesture to convey a message of hope, redemption, and the potential for goodness in a morally ambiguous world. It reminds the audience that despite the flaws of human nature, acts of kindness and compassion can still emerge, giving rise to the potential for redemption and renewal in even the darkest times.

7. Rashomon is an adaptation of a short story written by Akutagawa, consider what elements are present in the film that enhance or diminish a story like this. Are there aspects to the story that might be better served on the page, why?

The short stories allow a deeper exploration of the character’s inner thoughts and emotions through their monologues. This aspect is less prominent in the film, as the focus shifts more towards the external portrayal of events and interactions. The internal complexities of the characters may be more vividly captured in the written form. The film’s actors bring depth and nuance to the characters, allowing for a more emotional and immersive experience. The non-verbal cues, expressions, and body language add complexity to the storytelling, making it easier for the audience to connect with the characters and their struggles. The power of the written word allows for a deeper exploration of internal thoughts, precise details, and individual imagination, providing a different but equally valuable experience compared to the film adaptation.

Story: Facing a near death experience and passing out in the train tracks.

Situation: Although the situation is quite horrifying, there is a light at the end of the tunnel which completely alters my perspective towards life and the decision im making/will make. 

Question:   How does exposure to the teachings of near-death experiences influence the beliefs and attitudes of those who receive the information?

       What are the psychological and emotional responses of individuals who hear about or learn from teachablenear death experiences?

Story: Forgetting my alto saxophones mouth piece at home, the day of my highschools Winter Concert. 

Situation: The situation was solvable with the whole day to spare, but that wasn’t the point. My instructor and I left on a rough note after our performance, as he had a lot to say. 

Question: How do the student-teacher relationship experiences in early education impact students’ later academic and professional trajectories?

Story: Just starting Turkish School, I saw my brother was in folkor. As I loved to dance, I was eager to join them, yet, everytime I got up and joined, the teacher would stop and make me sit back down since I was a lot younger than them. 

Situation: With multiple requests for me to stop, it didn’t stop me. I picked up the moves, and did it until the other side understood. By the end of the session I was praised to be the mini dancer

Question: How do students’ perceptions of feedback impact their receptiveness to academic improvements and willingness to take on academic challenges?

Story: parents and psychological trauma; you cant teach an old dog new tricks

Situation: its long (need to think specify) 

Question: How do cultural beliefs, social support systems, and societal attitudes toward trauma influence the intergenerational transmission of trauma?

On one side, a man who grew up poor in Harlem, the other raised with the privileges of wealth. When Buckley rose, he appeared far more comfortable than Baldwin, and moved around speaking with ease. Almost nonchalant.

The appeal to logos is most apparent when Buckley says “It is, in fact, the case for that seven tenths of the white income of the United States is equal to the income that is made by the average negro.” Although utilizing logos in a debate strengthens one’s argument, the sole use of this rhetorical device makes an argument dull and ineffective. “It is not easy, and it is unpleasant, to adduce statistics evidencing the cultural superiority of White over Negro: but it is a fact that obtrudes, one that cannot be hidden by ever-so-busy egalitarians and anthropologists.” Acknowledging ethos, the fact of the superiority, however reminding the fact that it is difficulty to admit these facts. “There is no instant cure for the race problem in America. Anyone who tells you that there is a quick solution is a charlatan and ultimately a boring man— a boring man because he is then speaking in the kind of abstractions which do not relate to human experience” Yes, logistically the issue revolving around race cannot be solved, in a snap, however when you state, “The fact that you sit here, carrying the entire weight of the Negro ordeal on your own shoulders, is irrelevant to the argument we are here to discuss.” disrespectfully disregard Bladwins ‘human experience.’

He supports his logistics by stating, “I urge those of who have an actual interest in the problem to read “Beyond the Melting Pot” by Nathan Glazer and Daniel Moynihan.” By crediting his literal background, he also almost proves his education to the audience. “But my grand-parents worked hard” By the intent of using pathos, this only ignores the history of slavery and black people as a whole. It is safe to say a majority of our parents and or grandparents worked hard, if they wanted to. However, there is a difference between wanting and needing. Their need to make a living by being forced to follow certain protocols, is a privilege that Buckley didn’t understand.

Buckley was a fine speaker, a man of breeding and manners, but he was slaughtered by Baldwin that evening.

On a bright and blissful morning, my best friend and I embark on what would be a perfect day filled with laughter, adventure, and unforgettable moments. The air is slightly chilly but the sun invites warmth, creating a perfect balance as we both step out to start our day. We make sure to stop by a charming little cafe nestled in a cozy corner of the city. The aroma of freshly brewed coffee and the sweet scent of pastries welcome you as you settle into a sunlit table. We chat about our dreams, favorite memories, and all the silly inside jokes only the two of us would understand. The laughter flows effortlessly, and it feels like time slows down to savor each precious moment.

After a number of hours, the sun begins to set and we take it as a sign to head home. Together, we reminisce about the incredible time we’ve had and whine since the only thing left to say is ‘goodbye’.. A wave of sadness takes over, with heavy pounds on my head and my heart. Going home didn’t feel like going home, and every single time my day had come to an end, I was reminded of how draining it is. The steam from the subway station snap me back  to reality as I breathe in the thick air. A charge of adrenaline and fear struck me as I gazed over at the 42nd street train schedule. The F train was not running at appropriate hours for the rest of the day – and panic rushed through me as I asked myself how would I get home? I attempted to check my phone, but it was as if I was moving in slow motion. Breathe, I told myself; I placed my mask under my nose as I sought to prevent hyperventilation. My head began to spiral and my heart beat out of my chest. I sensed my vision slowly starting to fade; and with each continuing breath, I proceeded to lean my hand against the metal pillar next to the tracks to support my frail body, unaware of what was going to happen next. 

The beauty of silence comes with a plethora of factors, including darkness. It was in this state of timelessness, where I became engulfed in emptiness. Progression became a distant past as I seemingly felt the end. The end of life became the end of all dreams, goals, and futures; my motivation disappeared. Gradually, I began to become aware of my surroundings. The confusion of realizing your body is positioned effortlessly on train tracks is no feat. Were these the final moments of consciousness or the beginning moments of the afterlife? My vision became converted to an altered and blurred state. What is that I see? I can outwardly discern a dark, slender figure with hands of reliance reaching out for me. “Are you okay miss,” I hear through the sound of tinnitus.  My whole body ran numb. It’s demoralizing to think there’s seemingly nothing you can do at the peak point of desperation. Hopeless, I gathered enough strength to reach out and grab their hands. Was this my guardian angel, my savior, god’s gift, or pure luck? Trembling, I approached over to my knees. My eyes were unable to fixate as my mind couldn’t decipher the next steps; the whole world was tilting from left to right. Placing my hands on the floor with the objective of balance, everything felt disoriented. I was no longer in control and with a blink of an eye, I was surrounded. 

Powerless and aching, I was impotent, unable to form the right words as I continued to process what had happened. I pursued to remove the airpod out of my right ear and instead felt cold wet liquid gushing out of my ear. As I peer down my sweatshirt, the color red suffocates me. Unable to solve the puzzle going on in my head, I scooted over to sit and lean my back against a stable wall. An officer squatted down to discuss the start-to-end details of how I got here. My pale skin and guileless eyes spoke simply. “Do you have a guardian at home I can get in contact with,” he asked.  Swiftly, the soothing sound of my mother’s voice opened the path to an ambulance on the way. 

Trapped in my mind, I pondered over the questions not even I could answer. What if a train had come? How would my mom get used to saying “one”, when asked the number of kids she has? After being so close to death, it’s straightforward to state my perspective towards life was modified. We as a human race all find meaning in life through the experiences we have and the voids we try to fill – but we really don’t know what the experiences will be or how they will affect us. For me, that experience of standing in front of death’s doors gave me my chance to be. Whether you see it as a second chance, another opportunity, or a new beginning… I’ve learned to not let go of anything I set my eyes on. Besides death, there’s nothing that can stand in my way, not even me.

Undergoing a profound transformation, the lessons learned from this fall serve as a steppingstone toward a more meaningful existence with a deeper understanding of compassion, resilience, and the inherent beauty of life. We, as a human race, all find meaning in life through the experiences we have and the voids we try to fill – but we really don’t know what the experiences will be or how they will affect us. For me, that experience of standing in front of death’s doors gave me my chance to be. I discovered an indomitable spirit that refused to succumb to the weight of obstacles. This newfound resilience enabled me to overcome self-imposed limitations, transcending the boundaries of doubt and fear. From that moment forward, I vowed to seize every opportunity and not let go of any dream that ignited the fire within me.