Alisha Alex
QUOTE:
“Ever since the dawn of civilisation most people in civilised communities have led lives full of misery; glory, adventure, initiative were for the privileged few, while for the multitude there was a life of severe toil with occasional harsh cruelty. But the Western nations, first and gradually the whole world, have awakened to a new ideal. We are no longer content that the few should enjoy all the good things while the many are wretched,” (Russell 50).
RESPONSE:
In Russell’s fourth lecture, he examines how human nature has played in the development of civilized society. He compares the average man to other animals, to further elaborate on the conflicts. This lecture primarily is based on the concept of monetary value. Russell questions how it has created a divide between the one in authority, management, and the workers. He believes that the role of the government is to resolve this issue, however, the government will always do what is for the common good for the public. As he argues that poverty is linked to misery, no longer necessary to the existence of civilization. He believes that the help of “modern science and modern technology” it can be eliminated. This quote is connected to the main idea with how it states how civilizations had led their lives through misery, and throughout time it has all changed.
I agree with your interpretation of the quote and Russell’s overall chapter. Russell does talk a lot about the human nature and it’s effects on the growth and well being of society. Money is also a huge aspect of civilization since it is the primary cause of action. Another valid point you mentioned was the government and their role in society. The government does its best to please the “common good” as you have said before but as you and Russell have both mentioned, the government has no easy task in doing so because they are always believed to be favoring one group more than the other.
-Sumaiyah Ali