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1780s
The tobacco industry was in deep trouble around the late 18th century. Cotton was more profitable than tobacco, rice, and sugar. Many planters shifted from those previous mentioned cash crops to cotton this occurred especially in the Deep South. Cotton was a labored intensive and the need for slaves grew immensely. The profits from cotton mad many planter rich. (The slave economy (article ) Khan Academy
The rising demand for raw cotton first came from England in the 1780’s, market for cheaply produced cloth. These British manufacturers wielded a technical monopoly over the textile industry and offered high price to cotton farmers who best meet their needs.
Most importantly after experimenting with various types of cotton grown around the globe, these industrialists came to prefer a particular type of variety of the genus Gossypium. This type of variety grew well in the Deep South. (The Land of Enterprise by Benjamin C. Waterhouse)
1794
Eli Whitney was awarded the patented for the cotton gin. The cotton gin was able to separate the seeds from the cotton fibers. This automation changed the faced cotton production. This was serendipity for the planters who were seeking more profit from cotton. The cotton gin cut down the processing time needed to bring cotton to market. This allowed slave owners to redirect their bondage workers so that could spend more time in the fields. (Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin written Bill of Rights Institute)
1808
Congress abolishes the African slave trade this prohibit the importation of slaves into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States. Congress abolishes the African Slave trade) Since the end of transatlantic slave trade in the year of 1808 this caused a rush for slave labor. There was a shortage and this caused slave traders to rummage throughout the south to buy and sell slaves. (Slave Sales Encyclopedia Virginia)
1812
The War of 1812 was against Great Britain and this caused the cotton pipeline to the English textile mills to evaporate. However, this allowed the textile factories in the United States to grow. New York and many other port cities developed factories and began to receive cotton from the south. This was a bonus because when the war ended American markets were on the same footing as the international markets. After the War of 1812 a large growth in manufacturing produced a cotton boom by mid-century and the main crop of the southern economy. (US History-Cotton is King: the Antebellum 1800-1860)
1830s
The Indian Removal act permitted the federal government to remove Native American from their home reservation with the purpose of selling it to southern planters. Native American lost land in southern Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and northern Louisiana. The main reason for this relocation was so that southern planters could buy the land cheap and grow cotton. Cotton was king and the world could not get enough of it. (Americanyawp.com text/11-cotton revolution/) The need for slaves grew to plant, cultivate, harvest and assist in all production of cotton.
1860s
The Civil War started on April 12, 1861 when Confederate army attacked the Union base at Fort Sumner, South Carolina. In 1861 Great Britain declared neutrality in the war between the states. King Cotton diplomacy was initiated by the Confederate forces to make Great Britain support their cause. This would have worked but Great Britain had a surplus of cotton from previous years and was able to survive the south’s cotton boycott. Great Britain encouraged Egypt, Brazil and India to grow more cotton. The cotton boycott was effect by raising the price of cotton from 10 cents a pound in 1860 but by 1864 it increased to 1.89 a pound. The Civil War ended on April 9, 1865 when General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. (www.historynet.com/civil-war-facts / Mississippi History Now Cotton and the Civil War