The chapter one in the books explained the definition of New media. The author explained new media by comparing it with the old media like tv, newspaper. According to Lev Manovich, the computer is a meta-medium, as a support tool for production and consumption of new media objects. The chapter talks about the five principles of New media and they are numerical representation, modularity, automation, variability and transcoding. They are not laws, but rather general tendencies, which also reflect the order of post-industrial society. While modern media allowed mass production of images, the new media is based on “individual customization” (p. 51). For example, the variability principle enables the new media object exist in many different versions, which corresponds to the contemporary logic of “production on demand” (p. 56). Modularity is how media elements are compiled together into a larger media object and how each elements can work itself without being a part of the larger object. It was a very interesting chapter. I really enjoyed it. There are lot of information regarding new media and its role in the science and society.