Immigration and the American Worker
Instructions: Use these scholarly article reading strategies. Once you do the reading ahead of its due date, please enter your first 150-word summary response as a comment to this post. Feel free to write more if you wish. In your response, reflect on which scholarly article strategies you used and worked best for you.
When it comes to immigration and the workforce, corporations and managers of small businesses often question the skills that immigrants obtain. Meaning by skills, corporations and small businesses that rely on immigration look at the education of the immigrant, whether they are a high school dropout, only have a high school diploma, or have a college degree. The main reason why they look into that is because companies and small businesses all have a certain type of wage elasticity. The efficiency of labor market policies can be impacted by wage elasticity, which is a crucial component of labor markets. For instance, the pay elasticity of demand determines the rise in unemployment that results from setting the minimum wage higher than the equilibrium wage. They look into skills because the jobs they have in place can require more experience and skills, while some require the minimum skills and experience. This however leads to an inelastic labor supply, meaning that when the labor supply is not particularly receptive to changes in pay, it is said to be inelastic. However, many immigrants come to receive better education to then get employment that requires higher skills and receives better pay, which improves the labor elasticity. Overall, we can see that immigration can affect economic stability and the labor force in the country, which will affect many companies and small businesses.
The author elaborates the working forces of skilled immigrants and high-school dropouts are compared in the wage differences. With “at least 60%” high school dropouts it impacts the so-called “low-skill group” that are working in the incumbent workforce. This affects those that never have education and are working to keep a family full versus high dropouts that have better oppurtunities. But would complete in order to have “the job” an immigrant worker can work for. For instance, to keep an equal wage for the number of workers, the wage for high school dropouts had dropped, “by 10 to 30%”. When competeing for better pay in the incumbent workforce, high school drop-outs don’t receive promising wages as there’s other native workers that don’t have the educational opportunities. This can show that workers who have received education are “stealing” jobs from the immigrants. Because the jobs they’re working for don’t require a high school diploma, it fits those immigrants who didn’t.
In the article, George Borjas provides a thorough view on his study, and highlights the unreliability in David Card’s study, where Card found that Cuban immigrants moving to Miami had no wage impact on local wages. Disagreeing with Card, Borjas found that the wages of local highschool dropouts decreased from 10% to 30% after Cuban immigration. This offers a new perspective after we read the article “The Truth About Immigration and the American Worker” by Roge Karma”, where it exposed the weaknesses of Borjas’ studies. Karma mentioned that Borjas had a sample size of merely 17 workers per year, greatly weakening his arguments. Relating this to current events, with Trump taking the presidency, it is essential to understand the underlying effects of important policies regarding immigration. Reading educational articles and journals from people similar to Borjas and Karma allows you to develop a more thorough understanding of societal issues, and gives you the knowledge to make your own informed decision and standpoint regarding the corresponding issues. An effective reading strategy I used was highlighting and annotating the text. After highlighting and annotating the text, it helped me connect Borjas’ studies to Karma’s and Card’s studies, which I demonstrated previously by relating their studies together.
In the article titled “The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: A Reappraisal”, the author elaborates on the economic impact of the Mariel Boatlift of 1980. Approximately 125,000 Cuban refugees migrated to Florida. The author examines the influence of this immigration, specifically the low-skill group, on wages by incorporating findings from the research on the economic impact of immigration. One important conclusion from this research is that the wage consequences of immigration are highly dependent on how well the capabilities of new immigrants match those of the current workforce. This research contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between immigration and local wage structures.
George J. Borjas talks about the market result due to the 1980 Mariel Boatlift, when a mass number of Cuban immigriants arrived in Miami. And the study of this event concluded that it actually had little to no effects on local workers. Borjas reveals that Boatlift only affected low-skill workers, he finds that the wages for low-skill workers had dropped significantly after the Cuban immigrants had arrived to Miami. This proves that immigrants do impact workers just more of a specific group of workers which should be incorporated to understand immigrant effects on American workers.
Borja’s help brings awareness to the wage effects of the Mariel boat lift crisis, studying the impact of immigration on the labor economy. Castor declares that Cubans who wished to move to the United States could move freely form the port of Mariel, a supply shock was also happening around this time. The native wages observed did not decrease nor increase, and only an increase of people from Mariel in Miami. He noticed that the number of workers in Miami increased by 8% and the number of high school dropouts increased by 20%. Borja analyzes immigration and wage trends from 1977 to 1993 of high school drop outs, his dependent variable being the workers weekly earnings. In 1984, there was a noticeable gap, the wage of low skill workers decreased by 30%, recovered in 1990, and decreased again in 1995. From this data, we can assume that most workers, those that are high school drop out, are more vulnerable to wage drops especially due to an increase of immigration.
The article The Wage Impact of the Marielitos A Reappraisal by George J. Borjas focuses on disproving previous conclusions that found no impact on the influx of refugees on wages in Miami. The author does this by looking at the wage drop of high school dropouts in Miami which fell from 10 to 30 percent. He found that refugees often had the same low skilled jobs as high school dropouts. With more and more workers available for labor jobs, wages for the less educated could drop significantly. The author found that high skilled workers did not have their wages impacted in any way, and that it was only the less skilled workers that were impacted. To draft this summary, using the scholarly tools of scanning and skimming the text were very helpful along with highlighting any important information I saw. I used different color highlighters to help as I used yellow for important background information and pink for the results found.
The article studies how immigration affects the labor markets. The policy issues that are involved can tell us a lot about how labor markets function and how they respond to increase in supply. One specific study the article discussed was Card’s study. In Card’s study, it was found that despite the large amount of marielitos, nothing really happened. The native labor wages didn’t go down in the short run. In a similar study, we learned that in order to reliably measure the impact, researchers need to accurately match the skills of the immigrants with the skills of the current workforce. In Borjas’s study, he found that there was a negative correlation between the wage growth of specific skill groups highlighted through age, education, and the size of immigration induced supply shock in the groups. He finds that there was a decrease in wages among low-skilled workers relative to other cities that followed the boatlift. He argues that Card’s study minimized the impact of the Marielitos because his study included broader groups of workers that weren’t affected as much from the influx of newcomers. Ultimately, Borjas’s reappraisal sparked discussions and debate about how immigration affects labor markets and proved the importance of attention to detail and analytical choices when studying such events.
The author discusses how skilled immigrants and high school dropouts are impacted by wage differences. A large portion of high school dropouts, about 60%, make up what’s called the “low-skill group” in the workforce. These workers, many of whom have little education, are trying to support their families, while high school dropouts who have more opportunities still struggle to compete for better jobs. As a result, the wages for high school dropouts have dropped by 10-30%. This is because they’re competing with native workers who also lack education, making it harder for them to earn good pay.
George borjas discusses his view on the impact immigration has on the labor market, which specifically impacts low skilled American workers. He uses data to show that more immigrants increases the supply of labor, which can lower wages for American workers In specific jobs. He says that low skilled American workers often compete with low skilled immigrant workers, but high skilled immigrants workers can help the economy grow and boost innovation. Borjas uses the example of when thousands of Cubans arrived in Miami. This created job competition for American workers in Miami. Payroll for American workers in Miami decreases by about 10%, specifically in construction and service industries. However, many Cubans ended up becoming successful entrepreneurs. By 1980 about 40% of businesses in Miami were owned by Cubans. Also high school dropouts, as a result of this immigration, went from 10% to 30%. Borjas notices the positives of immigration, but he concedes that immigration overall can harm low skilled American workers, effecting their lower wages, and job losses. Immigration effect on the labor market is a complex issue that many people have different opinions on.
Regarding immigration and the workforce, businesses frequently evaluate the skills that immigrants bring. This involves looking at their education level, whether they dropped out of high school, have a high school diploma, or hold a college degree. The reason for this evaluation is that companies and small businesses are affected by wage elasticity. Wage elasticity is important in labor markets and influences the effectiveness of labor market policies. For instance, the elasticity of wage demand impacts the rise in unemployment when the minimum wage is set above the equilibrium level. Businesses consider skills because some positions require more experience and expertise, while others need only basic skills and experience. In conclusion, immigration can influence economic stability and the labor force in the country, affecting many companies and small businesses.
The article focuses on how immigration impacts the labor markets. Corporations and managers of small businesses often have a controversy about the skills attained by immigrants with immigration and the workforce. By skills, corporations and small businesses that depend on immigration focus on the education level of the immigrant, high school dropout, high school diploma only, or a college graduate by “60%’’. One of the main reasons why they do this is because every firm and every small business has a kind of wage Flexibility. For instance, the pay flexibility of demand establishes the proportion increase in unemployment occasioned by setting minimum wages above the equilibrium wages. They look into skills because the jobs they have in place may need more experience and skills, or the lowest levels of knowledge and skills allowed. This however requires a flexible labour supply, which if it is not particularly receptive to change in pay, then it may be referred to as flexibility. However, in a view of receiving better education from here then get an employment that demands higher skills and better pay that steps up the labor flexibility. The relationship between immigration and local wage structures is better understood as a result of this research.
The article explores how immigration affects labor markets, focusing on two major studies that have sparked debate on the topic. George Borjas’s analysis of the 1980 Mariel Boatlift emphasized the importance of examining specific skill groups, defined by factors like age and education. He found that low-skilled workers in Miami experienced wage declines relative to other cities following the influx of Cuban immigrants. Borjas argued that earlier research, like David Card’s study, underestimated the impact by including a broader range of workers less affected by the newcomers.
Card’s original study, however, concluded that the Boatlift had no significant short-term effect on native wages, suggesting the local labor market adapted to the increased supply without disruption. The differing conclusions between these studies highlight the critical role of methodological choices, such as how workers are grouped and compared. Ultimately, this debate has deepened our understanding of labor market dynamics and the complexities of measuring immigration’s effects.
The article explores how immigration impacts labor markets and highlights studies by Card and Borjas, which offer different conclusions. Card’s study found that a large influx of immigrants, like the Marielitos, didn’t lower wages for native workers in the short term, while Borjas argued that focusing on specific skill groups showed a negative impact on low-skilled workers’ wages. These studies sparked debate about how immigration affects wages and employment, showing the importance of analyzing skills and labor market dynamics carefully. Businesses also evaluate immigrants skills, as wage elasticity and the balance between job requirements and worker qualifications play a key role in economic stability and employment policies.
This article revisits an old study from a new perspective. Borjas (2017), questions on Card’s (1990) study on impact of Mariel boatlift crisis in Miami in 1980. Card (1990) claims that the Cuban immigrants had a minor impact on the labor market in Miami. However, the author challenges this statement by focusing specifically on low-skilled workers – a group to which most Marielitos belonged.
For instance, Mariel crisis increased the overall workforce by 8.4% in Miami, but if we narrow the focus to low-skilled workers, it increased the supply by 18.4%, leading to a noticeable decline in wages for low-educated workers. Additionally, he also critiques the placebo cities used in Card’s (1990) analysis, emphasizing that he should have chosen the placebo group similar to the one before the Mariel boatlift happened, rather than after it happened. When revised accordingly, the wage level of low-educated workers dropped much more substantial than in Card’s (1990) research due to the Marielitos. He also argues that adding women to the sample does not significantly alter the results.
In conclusion, Borjas (2017) contradicts Card’s (1990) finding by narrowing the focus to high school dropouts and correcting the selection of placebo cities. He contends that an influx of immigrants does affect the native labor market, particularly for low-skill workers, by increasing labor supply and lowering the wage of the native workers. This impact, according to Borjas, is not negligible.
Even though Karma(2024) pointed out that Borjas’s (2017) research was biased, saying that it supports anti immigration policies, the author provides an important lesson that questioning earlier data from new perspectives can yield different and valuable insights.
The study is a reexamination of Card’s 1990 research on how immigration affects wages. In this article, Brojas uses modern economic understanding to reevaluate Card’s study about the 1980 Mariel boatlift crisis in Miami. Previously, Card discovered that the Marielitos mass immigration had no effects on either the wages or the job market of Miami’s native population. However, Borjas’ reevaluation pointed out that the immigrant has caused a decrease in wages of lower-skilled jobs. Borjas said, “The drop in the average wage of the least skilled Miamians between 1977-1979 and 1981-1986 was substantial, between 10 and 30 percent.” However, it is also pointed out that the boatlift has increased the wages of more skill-demanding jobs.
Some strategies that I used while reading are:
Understanding what I want to know / my main purpose for reading the article, before I start
Scanning for heading, subheading, keywords
Noting down information I believe to be important to come back to later when I finish my initial scanning process.
George Borjas offers a strong critique of David Card’s research, which claimed that the arrival of Cuban immigrants in Miami had no negative effect on local wages. Borjas disagrees, arguing that wages for high school dropouts actually fell by 10% to 30% after the immigration wave. However, Roge Karma, in his article The Truth About Immigration and the American Worker, questions Borjas’ findings by pointing out a major flaw: his data was based on a very small sample—just 17 workers per year. This raises doubts about how accurate his conclusions really are. With immigration policy continuing to be a hot political issue, especially in the Trump era, understanding how different researchers interpret the same events is more important than ever. Reading studies from people like Borjas, Card, and Karma gives readers the tools to think more critically about these debates. Personally, highlighting key arguments and writing notes in the margins helped me see how these sources connect and where they disagree.
The research paper aims to identify the relationship between immigration and wages by studying migrated Cubans in the United States during the 1980s. The introduction section begins by providing a brief history, followed by a description of previous studies on the topic, and then explaining the motive of the present research. For data, trends, and relationships among immigrants and years of migration were first analyzed by determining when immigration increased or decreased and why it happened over various years from 1950 to 2010. Since before 1994, the place of birth was not recorded, the author decided to collect data based on the Hispanic migrants category. Table 1 measured the education level of Cuban migrants over several years, with most migrants being high school dropouts or lacking a high school diploma and being unskilled. As a result, the surge in low-skill workers was much greater than that of skilled workers when they moved to the United States, as reflected in Table 2. Then, Miami wages and those of other cities were compared to observe fluctuations in wages. The effect on wages was mainly seen among dropouts due to their high numbers and was most significant in Miami compared to other cities, even though between 1977 and 1980, Miami had a better growth rate than other cities. Then, a formula is used to calculate wage trends that is later adjusted by including women in the calculation as their participation in the workforce increased over time, which is later compared graphically; the result of the regression is calculated using other formulae. Overall, the study found that changes in wages are linked to the skill sets studied among immigrants and natives.
George Borjas talks about how immigration impacts the job market, especially for low-skilled American workers. He says that when more immigrants come, there are more workers, which can lower wages for some jobs. Low-skilled Americans often compete with low-skilled immigrants, while high-skilled immigrants can boost the economy and innovation. For example, when many Cubans moved to Miami, job competition increased, and wages in construction and service jobs dropped by about 10%. Borjas also notes that the number of high school dropouts rose from 10% to 30% during this time. While he sees some benefits of immigration, Borjas believes it can harm low-skilled American workers by reducing their wages and job opportunities. Immigration’s effect on jobs is a complex topic, and people have different views on it.
Borjas(2015) challenges the previous study by David Card about the economic effects of the mass migration of around 100,000 Cubans, who entered Miami. In 1990, Card stated that the Marielitos influx did not affect the wages of native-born Miami workers. However, Borjas reexamined this immigration phenomenon with a different methodology, focusing on workers with the same low skill levels and high school dropouts, as it represents 60% of the immigrants who entered Miami. For the study, the primary data source was the March Current Population Survey (CPS) from 1977 to 2001. In this survey, information about the level of education of the Miami labor market as to wages was examined, and trends were analyzed focusing on workers from 25 to 59 years old. Additionally, the comparison of the immigration groups had to correspond to the skill group of Miami. For this period, Borjas found that there was a greater wage decline compared to the previous period, indicating that mass immigration did impact Miami’s labor market. In conclusion, Borjas asserts that contrary to Card’s finding, the Mariel Boatlift did indeed impact the wages of the least educated employees of Miami. Additionally, he highlights the inefficiency of the previous methodology didn’t focus on the right group of workers.
While reading this academic paper, it was easy for me to get lost in broad terms; therefore, I had to search the definition of vocabulary frequently. By reading the introduction, I got a better understanding of the thesis of the paper and whether I agree with it or not.
In “The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: A Reappraisal,” George Borjas(2017) re-examines how the 1980 Mariel boatlift affected wages in Miami, especially for low-skill workers. He challenges David Card’s earlier findings, showing that wages for high school dropouts in Miami actually fell by 10–30% after the sudden arrival of over 100,000 Cuban immigrants. Overall, this article made me realize how important it is to match the skills of immigrants with native workers when studying wage impacts.
I could also relate this article to a previous reading, “The Truth About Immigration and the American Worker” from The Atlantic. Borjas’s article is more academic and supported by detailed data analysis. I think this journal piece could serve as strong evidence to back up the arguments made in the more public-oriented article.
For scholarly article strategies, I utilized a couple of them that helped me understand the article better. I started with the abstract and introduction to get the main idea and then looked at the figures and tables to see the data visually. The methods section was a bit dense, but it was useful for understanding how Borjas compared Miami to other cities. What helped most was focusing on the discussion and conclusion, which pulled everything together.
In “The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: A Reappraisal,” Borjas(2017) looking at past study: The card’s (1990). The card’s 1990 study finds that there is little impact on native workers’ labor market opportunities during the Mariel boatlift where a mass of around 125,000 Cubans migrate to the United States. The research being a new perspective on Mariel Shock. The research over the years has shown that immigration doesn’t affect everyone the same way. The skills of immigration are different from the natives. So therefore only the ones with similar skill when the natives felt the impact on their wage. Most of the past studies don’t look at how the low skilled workers of Mariel were impacted. The research argues that given that 60 percent of immigrants are high school drop-out, it is important to focus more on these groups.The research challenges past belief that the supply shock doesn’t affect Miami wage structure. But in reality it actually did, the wage dropped between 10 percent to 30 percent for less educated Miami. Even though Miami’s workers have an unusually large drop on their wage, CPS ignores the fact and only focuses on the negative effect of Marielitos on competing workers. The study goal is to revisit past questions of how the Mariel boatlift impacted the wages of low-skill workers in Miami and bring new perspectives that are overlooked to help reshape people’s understanding of immigration’s labor market effects today.
In “The Wage Impact of the Marielitos” A Reappraisal, economist Borjas (2017) takes a fresh look at the economic fallout from the 1980 Mariel boatlift, when about 125,000 Cuban refugees arrived in Miami. Instead of looking at the overall labor market, Borjas zeroes in on low skilled workers especially those without high school diplomas since over 60% of the Marielitos were in that category. Using data from the Current Population Survey, he finds that the wages for these workers dropped dramaticaly. This suggests that when a sudden surge of low skilled labor enters a market, wages for similarly skilled workers can take a significant hit. His conclusions go against earlier findings by economist David Card, who saw little to no effect on wages at the time. Borjas’s research highlights how crucial it is to compare immigrants with native workers of similar skill levels when trying to understand the real effects of immigration. Something similar to an article that I read before, governments scare those who can be easily scared to make pay them less, something that cannot do the same with those who are high skilled. Create fear.
In the article Immigration and the American Worker, George Borjas focuses on how immigration affects the wages of low-skilled American workers. He disagrees with earlier research by David Card, which said immigration did not really hurt wages. Borjas argues that after the Mariel boatlift, when many Cuban immigrants arrived in Miami, the wages of high school dropouts went down by 10% to 30%. He thinks this happened because those workers had to compete with the new immigrants for the same types of jobs. Some experts though, say Borjas used a small sample of data, so we can not be sure that his results are fully accurate. What helped me understand the article better was highlighting the main points while reading and writing short notes. This made it easier to keep track of the arguments and compare both sides. It also helped me realize that immigration and the job market is a complex topic with different opinions.
This article explores how immigration affects labor markets, especially in relation to the skills immigrants bring with them. Business owners—both large corporations and small business managers—often debate the skill levels of immigrants, typically measured by their education, such as whether they dropped out of high school, finished high school, or have a college degree. Around 60% of businesses rely on this kind of data when considering immigrants for employment. One key reason for this focus is that every business operates with a certain level of wage flexibility. For example, when minimum wages are set higher than the market rate, it can lead to increased unemployment—this is part of what’s meant by wage flexibility. Businesses want to match their job openings to the appropriate skill levels, whether that means hiring workers with minimal qualifications or those with advanced skills and experience. This creates a need for a labor supply that can adjust easily to changes in wages, which is also a form of flexibility. If immigrants can access better education after arriving, they can move into higher-skill, better-paying jobs, which increases overall labor market flexibility. The research helps clarify how immigration interacts with local wage structures.
The article talks about how immigration affects jobs and wages, especially for skilled immigrants and high school dropouts. Around 60% of high school dropouts are part of the “low-skill group,” and they often struggle to find good-paying jobs. They have to compete with other workers who also have little education, which has caused their wages to drop by 10–30%. Businesses look at the education and skills of immigrants—like whether they dropped out of high school or went to college—because different jobs need different levels of skills. Some jobs require only basic knowledge, while others need more experience or education. Companies also care about how flexible workers are with pay and job types. In general, skilled immigrants with better education can get better jobs and pay, while low-skilled workers face more challenges. This helps explain how immigration affects wages and job opportunities.
Borjas (2015) attempts to provide an additional insight onto Card’s (1990) research by focusing on a lower-skilled group as its data. It has found that lower-skill groups specifically tends to be affected in terms of their wages. Whilst Card (1990) highlights the lack of effect a supply shock may bring, Borjas (2015) provides an antithesis to that claim by highlighting the skill/wage group the individual belongs in.
Moreover, Borjas (2015) states that depending on what type of perspective an analyst may bring onto the data, interpretation may vary heavily. The possible placebo may have a strong effect to how the data is viewed due to a multitude of factors such as migration onto “richer areas” is more likely, in addition to native adjustments. This article synthesizes with “THE TRUTH ABOUT IMMIGRATION AND THE AMERICAN WORKER” by Karma (2024), forming the idea that whilst there is a net gain economically – there is a real, spontaneous, negative effect that may be observed from the majority’s wage group of the immigrants.
A lot of businesses, big and small, look at what kind of education immigrants have, whether they finished high school, went to college, or not, because it helps them figure out who’s right for the job. Some jobs need special skills, others don’t. Pay also depends on this, and how flexible wages are can affect how companies hire. If wages go up but the job market doesn’t adjust easily, it can cause problems like unemployment.
Many immigrants come hoping to study more and qualify for better jobs. When that happens, the workforce becomes more adaptable, and it helps the economy. In the end, immigration plays a big role in how companies manage workers and wages.
(George, 2017) revisits the well-known “Mariel boatlift” labor market experiment by shifting focus specifically to low-skilled workers (i.e., high school dropouts), a group disproportionately affected by the influx of Marielito. Whereas David Card’s seminal 1990 study found no significant effect on overall wages in Miami, but they do affect the wage of low-skilled workers, as their salary dropped 10 to 30%. So obviously these low-skilled workers are much easier to be impacted by immigrant. While skilled workers have diploma and knowledge, which helps them to compete in a higher-level market and of course do not need to compete with these immigrants whose majority are high school dropouts. The native high school dropouts have to compete with them and it cause lower salary. I live in a family with many immigrant relatives. Once they start to speak English, they do could get a job easily in the U.S., since Chinese immigrants, can speak both Chinese and English, and can be hired with a lower salary. I do believe that they will impact the job market for the low-skilled workers. Like in the restaurant, supermarket, in these areas, they do make the job market become more competitive.
In the previous article referring to “Immigration and the American Workers–The Aflantic. While it is an undeniable truth that immigration does impact the aggregate supply of workers in America, at the same time they also contribute to the economy by creating demand for goods and services as they have necessities for their own as well. But at the same time, a certain portion of the workforce, specifically the workers without a high school degree, were indeed affected. The impact on wages by the influx of immigrants seems to leave the high-skilled jobs unchanged but imposes significant changes in the lower-skilled jobs that create complexities in the job market The steep decrease in wages from low-skilled between 10 to 30 percent shows that even if the wage was not impacted in the high-skilled job sector.
The article by Borjas revisits the economic impact of the Mariel boatlift. Borjas’s take on the whole boatlift seems more negative than positive, since Borjas observed that the people who entered the low-skill workforce, specifically immigrants, are mostly high school dropouts. Not just that, but they also negatively affected minimum wages for the native workers. The immigrants who entered low-skill work were 18.4% of the workforce. Borjas, unlike many others, focused on high school dropouts who aren’t Hispanic, and conducted his research to see how they were affected by these boatlift migrants, unlike most studies that focus on seeing the general picture, rather than something like what Borjas did: focus on specific areas. This in return contradicts the previous article that talks about how immigration is positive, since more people means more labour forces and cheaper costs. Borjas counters it by saying that it maybe good, but at the same time, this inappropriately affected specific fields, like part time workers that are natives, or fulltimes that work in the low-wage areas.
In the article “The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: A Reappraisal” the author informs us about the economic impact of the Mariel exodus. Many Cubans immigrated to Florida. What the author informs us is the impact that these immigrants had at that time, Americans with low abilities or who did not finish their studies reflects that this affected them instead those who did finish their studies and can get many better jobs than immigrants. We can see that the salaries of those who advance to high school have dropped between 10 and 30%, this can show us how jobs are stolen by immigrants, because the jobs they offer do not require studies, diplomas, high school, jobs are adapted to immigrants.