At the beginning of Chapter IV, Victor Frankenstein develops a laser-like focus as he immerses himself in the study of natural philosophy and chemistry. After earning much respect in his university, he puts off visiting his family and decides to further his knowledge in order to discover the source of life. Frankenstein’s dedication to furthering his knowledge leads him to some very questionable actions.
When studying anatomy was not sufficient, he turned to the graveyard to study the decay of the human body. It takes a certain level of madness to study dead corpses every day, “until from the midst of this darkness a sudden light broke in upon me – a light so brilliant and wondrous, yet so simple, that while I became dizzy with the immensity of the prospect that it illustrated, I was surprised, that among so many men of genius who had directed their enquiries towards the same science, that I alone should be reserved to discover so astonishing a secret.” (52)
Finally, Victor finds information that will help him animate lifeless matter. This “light” drives away the darkness and confusion that existed before he began researching in the graveyard. Here, Mary Shelley is using light as a symbol for newfound knowledge. In this sense, light illuminates, clarifies, and explains any questions Victor had. However, the mention of “a light so brilliant” and the fact that he became dizzy from the light also suggests that it is blinding him.
This is similar to when Victor first discovered the works of the alchemists Agrippa and ignored his father’s remark about how that scientific system was antiquated. Victor became so fascinated with these outdated teachings, that he continued to study this narrow field and was mocked by M. Krempe. The narrow teachings of alchemy had blinded Victor from more current information available. Only M. Waldman acknowledged that these individuals helped to contribute to current foundations of scientific knowledge.
Likewise, this “light,” which is referred to, indicates that this new knowledge could only be part of the puzzle. But in this moment, Frankenstein is basking in his accomplishment. Even though he recognizes that scientific knowledge is built upon over years and generations, Frankenstein doesn’t take a step back. He fails to look at the bigger picture and fails to determine what the consequences of his findings entail.
It is only through retrospect that Victor realizes how his insatiable thirst for knowledge leads to his ruin. Even after dedicating his sweat, blood, and tears into this project Victor is disgusted after he brings a hideous monster to life. Not only does he despise his creation, he also is fearful of it. In the end, he warns Walton how dangerous the acquirement of knowledge is.
On another note, this reminded me a lot about an anime called Fullmetal Alchemist. For anyone who hasn’t watched it, I would recommend watching the first two episodes. The story begins with two brothers, Edward and Alphonse Elric, who try to revive their mother back to life using alchemy. There are many similarities that can be drawn between the two stories.