JAYDEN LEWIS – History 3072, History of Modern Latin America

Module 3

American interest in human rights policy took place after the Second World War, when that conflict’s terrible toll prompted an international call for the promotion of the rights and liberties of all citizens.

Cold War security interests relegated human rights to a unenforceable symbol during the 1950s and 60s, but the foreign policy scandals of the Nixon and Ford administrations compelled Congress to act. Reports of CIA assassination programs in Vietnam, the use of torture by agents trained by U.S. police advisors in Latin America and Southeast Asia, and the American role in the overthrow of Chile’s President Allende fed a growing sense of outrage about the conduct of U.S. foreign policy in the early 1970s.

In the face of mounting evidence of dirty tricks and brutal policies, lawmakers rebelled against their President. Through a series of increasingly tough measures, Congress ordered the White House and the Department of State to slow or slash aid to countries responsible for human rights abuses. In 1976, Congress passed an amendment to the Foreign Assistance Act requiring the Secretary of State to publish an annual human rights report.

https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB83/press.htm

Station Master

The station master is the person in charge of a railway station. Throughout many years it was considered a male occupation. It was rare for a women to hold a position as a station master. The station master is responsible for the management of other station employees and holds responsibility for safety and the efficient running of the station. The term was historically employed across stations of all sizes, leading to variation in the role. At a major city terminus, with potentially hundreds of employees, the station master’s duties would focus on personnel management. At smaller town and country stations, with a more limited staff, the station master would have far more customer interaction with traveling passengers, and would commonly deputise for other members of staff in their absence.

The number of employees at a railway station varied according to size. A historic station master would typically manage a number of booking clerks , porters, and often ancillary staff in catering, left luggage, and maintenance roles.

This imagine stood out to me because this job was very important in the 19th century. They were highly respected in their communities. Most came from backgrounds of farmers, sailors, and civil servants.

Tulane University Howard-Tilton Memorial Librar

The Bostonians paying the excise-man, or tarring and feathering

This picture from 1774 shows Commissioner of Customs John Malcolm being humiliated in public. In this picture this method of humiliation is called tarring and feathering. Tarring and feathering was a ritual of humiliation and public warning that stopped just before serious damage was done. The victims to this humiliation was British officials such as Malcolm and merchants who violated non importation by importing British goods.

There were many forms of public humiliation during the 1700s. Other forms of humiliation was daubing victim’s homes with cesspits, and damages against property. One example of daubing is burning down a victims’ home.

I chose this picture because it really stood out to me and the fact that commissioner John Malcolm was being attacked under the liberty tree by multiple patriots. Would also stood out to me was the Boston Tea party taking place in the background.