Fallacy Report
Fallacies can be generally described as the use of faulty reasoning in arguments whether portrayed orally, written or visually. They are not meant to be persuasive, yet this ultimately ends up being the case. Those creating these fallacies can purposely decide to make them intentional as well as unintentional in order to deceive the audience. Fallacies can also be said to have a variety of structure, which makes them hard to classify. In fact, there are new fallacy classifications being added continuously. In the following ads, I attempt to name each fallacy and logically explain their invalid arguments according to my state of reasoning.
1.
This ad can be classified as a Non-sequitur. The image portrays a nun eating gelato for pleasure because it provokes a craving, thus justifying the pregnancy. Yet, the fact that this specific woman is wearing a nun’s outfit has no relation towards eating ice-cream. It can suggest that is a form “guilty pleasure” but the use of the outfit isn’t really necessary to make the statement. The use of text “immaculately conceived “ doesn’t make sense towards it being “the best ice cream in the world”.
2.
This fallacy is stereotyping. In this ad the physical figure of a thin woman is used as a universal ideal representation of the types of cigarettes that, typically but not always, a man prefers. The idea that a woman who is thin is better than any other woman of different physical aspects is not necessarily false, but it does not hold entirely true for women population. Thus this can imply that the cigarette, while it may be the best for some, will not be the preference of others. The premise does not bring forth a true conclusion.
3.
This ad can be classified as an Appeal to the People fallacy. In particular what suddenly stands out about this ad is that there an athlete holding a bottle of coca cola/soda., this suddenly implies that the athlete consumes the beverage. Yet, there is this sudden contradiction in a person’s mind when a majority(population) would agree by saying or claiming that an athlete is supposed to be healthy, while soda is classified as the total opposite.