In “Kabuliwala”, Rahamat treats Mini as his daughter. He makes friend with Mini and gives Mini gifts. At the beginning the narrator does not trust him, and he thinks Rahamat is a traveling seller and he wants to give money to Rahamat, but Rahamat rejects it. After Rahamat goes to prison the narrator and Mini forget hi m quickly. The turn point that changes the narrator’s perspective of Rahamat is that Rahamat visits his home and show him Rahamat’s daughter’s handprint on a paper. The narrator is shocked about this and he suddenly realizes why Rahamat treats Mini so nice and kindly. He finds out that though they come from different social class, they actually are same and equal as a father.

The narrator is not friendly to Rahamat until he sees Rahamat’s daughter’s handprint paper. The family of the narrator is not friendly to Rahamat from beginning to end. Why they don’t feel Rahamat’s love to Mini before he goes in prison? The narrator is a well-born Bengali gentleman, then why he says such ungracious words to Rahamat like “I told you there’s a ceremony in the house… You can’t see anyone else today.” I think it might because that as a well-born man, he actually looks down on a criminal. But after he realizes Rahamat’s sincere emotion, he does not think Rahamat is a criminal or a dry-fruit vendor from Kabul, he just thinks Rahamat is a lovely father. The nice affection of a father can weighs more than the social role.

I think that in this novel Tagore writes two symbolic father figures: the narrator and Rahamat. The narrator is not Mini’s biology father, but he loves Mini so deeply as his own daughter. When Mini asks him different strange questions, he is very patient and tries to give Mini answers, even when he is working on his novel. Rahamat is not Mini’s father, too, he is just a traveling seller, but he always talks with Mini in smile, and he gives Mini gifts and warm regard. After he comes out from the prison, the first thing he does is visit Mini. Rahamat has biology daughter, but he cannot come back to his hometown maybe because of some reasons. Therefore to some extent he treats Mini just as his biology daughter. Though these two fathers come from different class, they pay equal affection to Mini as surrogate father, and they are on the same level as a symbolic father. Tagore may indicate that a lower-class person also has sincere love, and he can be a great father, not only a great biology father but also a great surrogate father. There is always nice emotion in the world, and it is independent of money or social status.

The whole drama shows Hedda’s paradoxical marriage, romantic, and life attitudes, these contradictory things finally result in her tragedy ending. At the beginning of Act I, it shows”A large, pleasantly and tastefully furnished drawing room, decorated in somber tones.”(P 782) The room is elegant and the furniture is grace, but the tone is dark and the atmosphere is negative, this is controversial and conveys a depressive feeling. This also indicates that Hedda is not satisfied with her present life. Hedda is an upper-class lady, but she marries to a lower-class scholar. We can realize that she despises Tesman and Aunt Julie’s lifestyle from her words, for instance, Hedda says Aunt Julie’s new hat is old and umseemly, and Hedda even calls her Miss Tesman instead of Aunt Julie, Hedda actually dose not think they are family. Ibsen even use her ante-marital name Hedda Gabler to emphasizes her upper-class status.

Then why Hedda chooses to marry Tesman? When Judge Brack asks her, she says, “Well, he’s a very diligent archivist anyway. Some day he might do something interesting with all of it.”(P 802) Hedda thinks Tesman is a reliable husband, and he has got the PhD degree and may have a bright future. Though she does not love him，she is pusillanimous to against the temporal situation that she need a sumptuous life. Lovborg can not provide this life to her since he is dissipated with bad reputation (before he writes the book). Hedda dose not dare to go on with him, she cares about ohters’ comments. Thus she finally marries to a “diligent archivist”. However, Hedda gets tired to her marriage quickly after the honeymoon. She says Tesman is a specialist who is “not so much fun to travel with. Not for the long run anyway.”(P 802) She falls into the contradictory situation again. On the one hand, she needs the materials, thus she could not leave Tesman,; On the other hand, she desires a man who really understands and inspires her, so she still cares Lovborg.

The paradoxical situation makes her depressive especially after Lovborg writes the book and wins wonderful reputations. When she knows the affairs between Lovborg and Mrs. Elvsted, she gets vicious and takes a series of ridiculous actions. She foments the relationship between them. When Hedda and Lovborg waits for Mrs. Elvsted, she suggests Lovborg that Mrs. Elvsted does not totally trust in him, this makes Lovborg angry and he decides to leave with Tesman and Brack. Hedda may think that she can still affect Lovborg’s mood and she is happy about that. She even images Lovborg with vine leaves in his hair. As far as I am concerned, though Hedda loves Lovborg, the love is somewhat ridiculous. She does not dare to go on with him when he is not successful, but she cannot stand Lovborg betrays her when he becomes successful. Maybe all she cares about are her own feelings and happiness.