Monthly Archives: December 2010

Gilgamesh

The prologue of Gilgamesh is an interesting part of the story. In it, the author discusses Gilgamesh’s awesome strength, and his relations to gods. The gods acknowledge Gilgamesh’s power and discuss that creating an equal for him will help to keep Gilgamesh levelheaded; so Enkidu is made to be his friend. Enkidu is made by gods, and is sent to Earth to become civilized and associated with humans. Once Enkidu finds his strength, and is pushed on by the harlot he slept with, he feels confident enough to battle Gilgamesh. Once the men fight, Gilgamesh wins and the men decide to become friends. Together the men fight monsters like Humbaba, and rule the city peacefully. Enkidu is made in order to soften Gilgamesh and his evil ways as ruler, and Enkidu succeeds in softening Gilgamesh. When Enkidu begins to go into a frail state and pass away, Gilgamesh learns how important love for those around you is. He even stays by Enkidu’s side long after he is dead. Gilgamesh is an old writing, but still teaches a current moral about friendship and love.

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Medea

The story of Medea is seen as the classic woman “gone mad” story. Medea is angered by her husband, Jason, cheating on her, and goes on to kill their offspring. The general idea of the story may seem brutal, but it shows how disrespect to women centuries ago led to a revolt in women’s behavior that sometimes boiled over. Before and after Medea was written, women were disrespected, and still are today. Such abuse and neglect can lead to consequences, as Jason faced, because that kind of treatment is unfair. I think the story of Medea  is similar in a way to the film “Misery.” In the movie, Cathy Bates plays a psychopath who is a fan of an author she has helped after a car accident. She becomes crazy and begins to treat the author like a prisoner, tying him to his bed and eventually hacking off his ankles, which is like the image of Medea killing her children. Eventually, the author kills his captor and escapes, which sadly was not the case for Medea’s children.

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Beowulf

Beowulf is a true warrior story. It is all about muscles, gore, killing, and bragging. The epic is very mythical in nature and includes scenes of Beowulf battling monsters and being a general idea of a hero. Unlike Marie de France’s stories, there is not a smidge of femininity in the story. The movie does a good job of putting a face to the villains and heroes of Beowulf. The movie adds an interesting angle by including Grendel’s mother as a powerful force in the story. I really liked how Beowulf is portrayed as a man’s man: he can do any task put before him. Not many stories nowadays have characters like this, except for Harry Potter, but he is a teenager. Beowulf truly stresses the Scandinavian and Danish traditions and ideas of what a hero is. Man power outweighs any other human traits in these stories.

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Beowulf: Dealing with Evil

Within the great story of Beowulf the theme was very blunt. Never make a deal with demons, no matter how tempting or pretty they may be. The poem had not described Grendel’s mother as a beautiful woman like the movie did so the only thing that really tempted Beowulf comparing both scenarios; was the natural craving of power. To become a king seemed like that was his top priority and in the end he rationalized that he deserved that much. However, when you make a deal with those who are corrupt it will come back to haunt you, its unavoidable. Within the story he knew of this in the back of his mind that it would be due time for the deal to break but he banked on a small hope that it wouldn’t be so. When the deal was broken he found himself in battle with his son as his opponent. The comparison between Grendal and Beowulf’s son was a significant difference. Grendal seemed distorted and was unnaturally different but to be the offspring of a warrior showed imminent strength. Beowulf’s son being a dragon symbolized a massive strength and terror. It was sad to know how it ended between them but it was foreseen.

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Gilgamesh

The story of Gilgamesh is an epic poem that revolves around the King of Uruk, Gilgamesh, who is 2/3 G-d and 1/3 human. He reigns over his city with an iron fist, doing whatever he wants with no regard for the citizens of the city. The citizens soon became fed up with their ruthless tyrant, so they went to the only source that they could go to to bring peace back to their town, the g-ds. The g-ds answered their pleads by bringing forth a being of equal strength, Enkidu. Gilgamesh and Enkidu soon became friends and from their on decided to test their strength against a renowned monster. So the two went to Humbaba the monster of the forest and after a great battle, Gilgamesh had slain Humbaba, but not without a price. Enkidu died during the battle with Humbaba but it taught Gilgamesh to appreciate life more. When Gilgamesh goes back to his town he understand what it means to appreciate what you have and begins to treat his citizens with kindness.

The lesson that Gilgamesh learns is a very important one. He learns that absolute power corrupts absolutely. Before Enkidu challenged Gilgamesh as the strongest, Gilgamesh power went unchecked and therefore he was able to do whatever he wanted to. He then learned that life is short and it can end at any moment (shown to him by the death of Enkidu) and life should not be made to make his citizens life difficult and miserable.

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Medea

Medea is different that most stories written from that time. It tells the story of a woman who attempts to, and succeeds in, destroy all of the men that have ruined her life. Most of the stories that were written at this time were about g-ds and heroic men, but Euripides decides to write about a woman’s struggle to find acceptance and equality. A main focal point in this story is the theme of feminism. It is clearly evident as the story goes on that Medea is a woman who, has not gone insane, but has entered a state of mind where she no longer cares for the well-being of the other humans that she lives with. She kills the King Creon and her husband Jason as acts of revenge for banishing her and for leaving her for another woman, respectively. She also commits a heinous act that most woman cannot wrap their minds around, much less follow through. She kills both of her boys, not out of a lack of love, but because she is doing it out of spite for her ex-husband. She wants to take away all possibilities of Jason to have a family.

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Beowulf

Beowulf was a great story filled with heroics, monsters and mothers. Beowulf is the complete and total epitome of what a true “man” should be, for he is: strong, brave, fearless and a great leader. He risked his life to fight off Grendel, even though the Grendel monster was not terrorizing his own town. Even though he was given plenty of gold and praise for his achievement, this does not take away from any of it in my eyes. He did not ask for any of the special gifts that he received for killing Grendel or his mother. After Beowulf returned to his home land he told the stories of his adventures to the people of his town and they couldn’t believe all that he had done. But Beowulf had one more task before he could die in peace. He must save his own town from a unrelenting dragon. The dragon had been stolen from and therefore attacked everything. Beowulf had to once again save the day, even though age had begun to take an effect on him. He fought and defeated the dragon, but at the price of his life. The dragon had bit him in the neck and as the dragon’s poison was coursing through Beowulf body, he told his story to the only comrade that would fight with him. Beowulf was the most courageous and honorable man that the world had ever seen and probably will ever see. He is what superman is in today’s culture.

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Medea: The wrath of a woman scorned

If there has to be one women of all time who refused to accept the role placed on her by society that would have to be Medea. Her character has many layers, a vengeful and evil woman on one end and a weak heartbroken girl on the other. While still a symbol of barbaric strength she has an undeniable wit often not assumed by ancient women. Love always seems to be a modern conception when you think of the role of women in ancient times. However it seems to be obvious that Medea loves Jason because Euripides provides no other reason for Medea’s intensity.  Jason wronged her but it was not simply the act of remarrying that wronged her. She was left out of the loop and her previous sacrifices ignored.  Perhaps modern woman can draw from Medea’s strength in standing up for herself and channel that power into their lives. While history may not see Medea as a symbol of femininity (because she goes against social norms) there is something distinct and womanly about her actions. She seems to feel more than most of the characters in ancient tales who seek violence to gain power. While at the same time destroys bonds that even today define womanhood. Killing her father, brother, and sons is a clear statement that Medea was not a GREEK and therefore the story does not give her such honor. Much has to be said for that because maybe the reason Medea isn’t a hero lies in her gender.[kml_flashembed movie="" width="400" height="400" wmode="transparent" /]

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Beowulf: A call for a hero……but what does he really solve?

Violence only brings more violence. Men took pride in slaughtering other men in a ridiculous cycle that has no end. Beowulf lay directly in the middle of such a battle with his father’s murder of another warrior. To end the feud King Hrothgar paid the death price. Whether Beowulf came to destroy Grendel simply for honor or repayment isn’t clear. The only thing that is clear that even by Beowulf’s brave efforts of slaying Grendel and her mother there is no happily ever after. Beowulf’s tale is immortalized and he is sprung into profound glory but even after forty years of triumph, war returns to him. There is no solace for Beowulf and continuing to be a man of honor carries him to his death with the slaying of the dragon. The Great Beowulf is defeated. His kingdom, honor, and people no longer have his protection. Tales like these gloried men but Beowulf is no hero just a murderer with a popular cause.[kml_flashembed movie="
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Ramayana

Rama and Sita

The Ramayana was unlike all the text in the great works class because of its religious significance. To truly understand it, one most first understand Hinduism and the purpose of the story as it fits into that context. The religion is not as organically unified as the name suggests and is rather different depending on region in India. It is very hierarchical giving each follower a place or caste. But like most religions the religious text crucial to following its laws were privatized to certain groups.  Vedas were only read by priest and the Upanishads were delegated for the elite. Hindu knowledge meant for the people were made in the form of epics. These epics were easy to follow, remember, and recite.

With that in mind, it is easy to understand why Rama is painted so heroically in the story. He is Hinduism reversion of Jesus Christ, literally meaning the perfect man. While he obeys all orders set by his father and defends and rejects the virtue of his wife an ideal standard is set. Sita staying by her husband against all odds even in his mistrust is the most whimsical rendition of unconditional love. Rama is a manifestation of the god Vishnu and Sita of  the goddess Lakshmi while on earth they are still divine. This fact justifies both characters making this epic not just a literary tale but a recount of the Gods themselves.

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