Category Archives: Deadly Choices at Memorial (Fink)

Deadly Choices at Memorial

The Deadly Choices at Memorial written by Sheri Fink on ProPublica was fair but expressed Fink’s judgment of Dr. Anna Pou’s actions.

Fink captured the devastation of Hurricane Katrina hitting Memorial Medical Center in gripping detail. She involved herself in the investigation of the critically ill evacuees as she writes in first person at times. She was able to portray the irony in decisions that seemed small at the time of their making but that resulted in huge tragedies. In writing about this investigation, she coupled positive information with negatives following, making the piece fair but biased.

The nutgraf of the article shows that she felt the actions of the medical administrators increased the number of deaths at Memorial. She paralleled the actions of a “well-regarded doctor and two respected nurses” to the most deaths- 45 bodies- than any other hospital of the same size. Fink wrote about the night after Katrina hit where the 52 LifeCare patients had not been evacuated and the Coast Guard was denied to take more patients for the night because of poor lighting and infrastructure. Before mentioning this, Fink wrote that the doctors were “under stress and sleeping little.” She said a doctor had ordered a patient’s heart monitor to be turned off and was angry when disobeyed. Although understandable, Fink may suggest that the doctors’ emotional states formed their decision making.

Fink goes farther than putting blame on the group of medical administrators and singles out Dr. Pou. She positively listed the laws and procedures Dr. Pou helped enact after the disaster. She even characterized her as “funny” and “sociable.” Fink injected a negative perspective after mentioning those positives. For example, she said that through her own research, she found that “more medical professionals were involved in the decision to inject patients” than was thought. She later said that “the full details of what Pou did, and why, may never be known.” First she said that many professionals wanted to inject patients but then she pinpoints Dr. Pou as the one who made the game-changing decision.

Fink seemed personally involved in the aftermath of this tragedy. She portrayed the horrors of the storm undoubtedly well. It is both easy and saddening to visualize volunteers carrying “patients who relied on ventilators down five flights of stairs in the dark.” Fink used this information in the piece to paint a picture of the absolutely helpless in the hands of administrators who – quoting one of them- stopped treating and went into survival mode.

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Deadly Choices and Fink

While reading part one of the tribulations at Memorial Hospital during Hurricane Katarina, investigating journalist Sheri Fink depicts the serve decisions and repercussion doctors made. A reader can feel that Fink showed biasness while writing these pieces, because there are certain parts of the text that indications her resent or misunderstanding of Pou and the other doctors. She included a quote from a doctor stating, “we spend too much on these turkeys… we ought to let them go,” which shows that these doctors are careless and no remorse was shown.

Even though I feel that Fink shows biases and attempts to bring an enlightened view of the events that occurred, as a journalist she also needs to be fair. Within one of the paragraphs, she notes that the beliefs of Pou will never be known but she is active in trying to change emergency protocol. This can show that Pou is regretful for what has happened and she wants to avoid these events from happening again at any hospital.

One of the aspects that are unique about these articles is that Fink takes a topic that many readers are aware of and changes the direction of it. Instead of reporting the events and the transcripts of court cases, she dives into the evidence and talks to people that were at the hospital. Fink takes the reader on journey from the moment the hospital enters Hurricane Katrina to the moments when those deadly decisions were made. She is able to make the reader visualization and feel they were part of the events that happened.

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“Deadly Choices at Memorial”

In the article, “Deadly Choices at Memorial,” writer, Sheri Fink unveils the events behind the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina that led to the neglect of many hospital patients, which are namely the old, the declining and the most vulnerable. Despite the blame on Anna Pou and the hospital’s decisions, Fink revealed the topic to be a lot more complicated than expected. In details, Fink describes the lack of preparation the hospital had during the tragedy that led to Pou’s controversial decisions. However, despite not clearly placing the blame on Pou, Fink implies that she disagree with the decisions made. Fink had given Pou enough voice in the article to support her argument, but she did not whitewash the horrific results of the dead, helpless corpses that did not deserve to die with neglect. This especially hits hard in the following sentence uttered by one of the doctors:

‘”‘We spend too much on these turkeys,’’ he said some would say. ‘We ought to let them go.’’’

This casual conversation that refers to the patients as “turkeys” waiting to be let go is a harsh portrait of how the decision came to be. It wasn’t a decision that arrived in their minds during the hurricane, but a decision that was looming over their heads.

The eighth paragraph describes Fink’s motivation behind writing the article and the importance of discussing Pou’s decisions despite not fully knowing the full details behind it. And Fink’s motivation is that Pou’s controversial and “agonizing decisions” would arise again. This paragraph immediately shows Fink’s intentions of not simply writing an article that points finger at those she believes were to blame. Instead, Fink wanted to focus the discussion on the events that led to Pou’s decisions so that if ever it arises again, Pou’s argument of lack of preparation would not be tolerated.

Fink does not organize her story chronologically. Instead, she breaks it down by topic that helps the reader analyze the details. By not arranging the story chronologically, Pou is given the chance to voice out her argument without any clear bias against her. Fink finalizes the article with the trial and a profound quote from one of the panelist in the jury:

“‘As bad as disasters are,’’ he said, ‘even worse is survivors who don’t trust each other.'”

By using this quote, Fink shows that the effects of Pou’s decisions goes beyond the death tolls and the families of the patients who were neglected. Her decision led to breaking the crucial bond between survivors, patients and doctors.

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The deadliest choices at Memorial

Sheri Fink does a great job of not showing whether or not she takes a side in the story, however in my opinion she took to the defense of the lifecare patients, basically saying that the decision to sacrifice the sicker patients was wrong without really saying it, but by how she inserted quotes in specific places, such as the end of the first part when she includes a quote from Mark Leblanc, who asked: ” do you just flip a switch and you’re not a hospital anymore?”, she’s trying to lean the reader to see how wrong the way the hospital managed the whole situation was. She gives us an image of a calamity waiting to happen from the moment you start reading.

The paragraph beginning with the full details… is important because it opens the forum to a very important and most likely controversial topic on what paramedics should and should not be able to do in states of emergency, obviously it lets us know that she (FInk) believes this particular part of the story is key, and whether she agrees with it or not, deserves more attention from the public, it is a key aspect of the story, and it is important because she wants the reader to lean in that direction.

The story is organized with the intent to arouse the curiosity of the reader, the beginning of the story is descriptive, but not telling us any real details, after arousing the reader’s attention with descriptive imagery of the bodies, she goes into a sort of narrative story on what exactly happened to lead to the events that caused such controversy into hurricane Katrina, but its also important to note that before she goes into the narrrative, she explains who Ms. Pou is and makes it a case to not portray her as some heartless women, which kind of helps her look as neutral as possible throughout the story.

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The Deadly Choices at Memorial

Shari Fink tells the story of the choices made by the hospital in a balanced fashion. It is clear that Fink does not agree completely with the choices Anna Pou and Dr. Ewing Cook made in deciding who to save and who to let die. She knew that the reader would be disgusted with the circumstances of the situation and the decisions that were made. Fink strategically includes commentary from families who loved ones were declared least likely to survive. She shows the reader the stress the hospital staff is experiencing and the reasoning for their decision making. Fink’s descriptive ability further makes the anxiety and mass death seem like the walking dead without the zombies. Fink is able to win the reader’s heart and ethical mind into thinking how can we better handle disaster situations.

Fink’s bias is fully spelled out in the eighth paragraph. The hyphenated part of the first sentence beginning with that and ending in deserve closer attention shows that Fink does not agree with the legislation Pou is trying to pass. It is made clearer in the second sentence of the paragraph when she says, “health officials are now weighing, with little public discussion and insufficient scientific evidence.” The key word is insufficient because it shows Fink’s disagreement with the ideology. If not why use the word it could have stopped at public discussion. Throughout the rest of the story Fink seems to raise ethical questions along every stop in the story making the reader think in a situation such as this, what is the right decision?

Fink’s story is in chronological order starting in the section “A Shelter from the Storm.” The introduction to the story begins with a descriptive scene of the make shift morgue in Memorial Medical Center. The nutgraf jumps ahead in time to July of 2006 to explain the legal repercussions of decisions made by nurses and doctors at the hospital during hurricane Katrina. At this point, the story follows Anna Pou’s journey on passing legislation in Louisiana. The organization of the story is brilliant for the topic and effective in keeping the reader’s attention.

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Deadly choices at Memorial

Sheri Fink does not reveal a biased story to her readers in “Deadly choice at Memorial”. Fink includes herself in the story based on how she obtained her interviewees but not on how she feels towards each of them. She allows the story to tell itself and for each person she interviews to tell their own story through her. She remains neutral throughout this piece to have a story based of facts which is more valid that a story based in someone’s opinion.

The role that ““The full details of what Pou did, and why, may never be known… arise again.” Is important because it leads way into what the story is about. Thus can be seen as a nut Graf. From this Fink, builds on Pou’s character as an individual being under pressure during an unfortunate disaster.

Fink organizes her story as a timeline narrative way. It’s readable and she focuses on Anna Pou, to be portrayed as a character in a novel. This helps to contribute to a much more interesting story. It is very detailed and helps give the reader a sense of what order the disaster occurred.

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‘The Deadly Choices at Memorial’

The investigation of allegations against Dr. Anna Pou of deliberately and lethally injecting patients in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina is one of enormous significance. In her piece, Sheri Fink explores through over a dozen sources and two years, the reasons the events tragically unfolded at Memorial Hospital, with 45 corpses being carried out by workers afterwards. Despite the gravity of such an occurrence, and seemingly undeniable firsthand testimonies against Pou, Sheri Fink remains a decisively neutral journalist. It seems evident that in this incredibly sensitive topic, Fink wished to avoid taking a side in the story at all costs.

In the eighth paragraph, Fink displays the nutgraf of her article, whereby she implores that whether or not Anna Pou was guilty or not takes a back seat to the potential consequences that may arise from the turnout of events. These are the questionable decision to leave the most ill patients as the last to be evacuated, and the notion that “Medical workers should be virtually immune from prosecution for good-faith work during devastating events…” Both questions, according to Fink, “deserve closer attention”, and seem to be the main point of her article.

Throughout the piece, Sheri Fink remains as neutral as possible. It would be easy for Fink to barrage Dr. Pou with allegations and testimonies, yet she adeptly juxtaposed each negative aspect with another positive, explaining Pou’s position and painting her as a sweet, respected, and capable woman placed into an unbearable and inescapable situation.

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Deadly Choices at Memorial

In her article about Anna Pou’s decisions at Memorial Hospital, Sheri Fink takes the side of Ms. Pou in the sense that she is portrayed as a woman that ultimately made unfortunate decisions due to her extreme circumstances. She is detailed in the sense that she was trying to do her job to the best of her ability, and adamantly stands by her decisions. The introduction for the feature establishes the perspective on Ms. Pou to demonstrate her as one of many doctors faced with difficult decisions, and thus attempts to humanize her actions when they seem most inhumane.

The paragraph about Pou’s decisions and their impact on the medical world is important due to the fact that it establishes the event as a pivotal moment, with a lasting impact on the way others may prepare for disasters in the future. The paragraph fits into the rest of the story as a reminder to make a mental note of the weight of her actions, and how they are continuously brought up throughout the progression of the feature. This brings in a perspective of the consequences and events that followed the actions made in the midst of Hurricane Katrina.

Fink organizes her story with an introduction explaining who Ms. Pou is and the background of the decisions she had to make, and then goes into a deeply detailed retelling of the events that unfolded within the hospital, from the perspective of the people that worked there. The feature wraps up with a jump forward to Pou’s trial, bringing the story to a close with her quote on the decisions made during a natural disaster.

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A Powerful Yet Tragic Story ‘The Deadly Choices at Memorial’

Sheri Fink does take the side of an investigative journalist in her story chronicling the decision made by Anna Pou and other doctors at Memorial Medical Center in New Orleans to categorize intensive care patients as those with “terminal and irreversible conditions” who are not worth saving in times of disasters.

By reflecting how “stunned” morgue workers were at the number of dead bodies they received from the hospital and by mentioning her role as a journalist, interviewing Ms. Pou at length though she declined to comment on any patient deaths, Fink proves her credibility as a reporter and writer.

Fink implies that the eventual death of intensive care patients was wrong, but maintains her status as an objective journalist by including that although the Life Care staff members asked on Tuesday for their 52 patients be added to the transport plans, Tenet Healthcare, the hospital’s main healthcare provider, said that Life Care staff members turned down several opportunities to receive evacuation assistance the same day.

What is important to Fink’s storytelling technique is her ability to create Anna Pou as a character in a novel. She does not go into the personal details of Anna, simply that she has a tiny build, is passionate, and likes to wear pearls. But yet despite her calm demeanor, she was able to make such an important decision that cost numerous lives. “The full details of what Pou did, and why, may never be known,” Fink wrote. This statement lends itself to a more insightful portrayal of Ms. Pou as an individual.

Fink organizes her story from the most current news of Ms. Pou trying to save herself from three suits through advocacy of her decision, to the lack of public awareness of her idea on what doctors should due in the sake of “disaster preparedness,” then to leading up to the days handled by tiers of medical workers left with the aftermath of a bad decision, and finally to the inevitable deaths of so many intensive care patients, and the angry relatives they left behind in confusion.

 

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Fink Chooses Sides But Acknowledges Issues

Sheri Fink’s “The Deadly Choices at Memorial” depicts the fallout from Hurricane Katrina at Memorial Medical Center in Uptown New Orleans. Due to isolation, limited resources, and insufficient preparation for disaster on the government’s part, the hospital was forced to triage their patients, sorting them according to their medical conditions. The healthiest patients were given priority evacuation status, while the sickest patients were left at the bottom of the list. Fink’s narrative of the events during this catastrophe, explained in chronological order, sometimes abandoning chronology for topical arrangement, illustrate what may have led to some patients allegedly being euthanized by nurses and doctors. The piece focuses on Dr. Ann Pou’s involvement in the alleged acts, her indictment, and the discussion about triage medicine.

Though a very fair, well reported article, readers can determine Fink opposes Dr. Pou’s actions. Before exploring Dr. Pou’s involvement at Memorial Medical Center after Hurricane Katrina, Fink quotes Dr. Ewing Cook, who explained why he “hastened the demise” of a patient. “I gave her medicine so I could get rid of her faster… get the nurses off the floor.” Dr. Cook acknowledges consulting with Dr. Pou regarding prescriptions that would “hasten” the death of patients. Placing this, rather blunt, explanation of the situation before Dr. Pou’s side of the story (though much is expressed through her lawyers), makes the doctor’s actions look questionable. Not to mention, Fink spends a lot of time (deservedly) reporting why Emmett Everett, a nearly four hundred pound quadriplegic, “was given something for his dizziness” by Dr. Pou and ended up passing away shortly after.

Still, Fink doesn’t depict the doctor as an evil mastermind, but as a medical professional struggling under extreme conditions and little rest to provide care to patients and evacuate a hospital. At one point, Fink illustrates Dr. Pou sitting on a bench, exhausted with “less than an hour’s sleep.”

Most importantly, Fink acknowledges that it will never be known what Dr. Pou actually did or why, and that the arguments the doctor makes regarding emergency situation (triage) protocol are worth looking at. Fink writes, “This is particularly important as health officials are now weighing, with little public discussion and insufficient scientific evidence, protocols for making the kind of agonizing decisions that will, no doubt, arise again.”

All things considered, Fink sympathizes with Dr. Pou’s predicament but believes the doctor went too far. But the writer can only report the information, much of which as Fink indicates, we will never know. Her beliefs are merely speculatory, and she does a good job masking them.

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