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Category Archives: Joseph Mitchell
Joe Gould
Joe Gould’s writing style is descriptive without overwriting. However, feature article writing is not exclusively in narrative voice.
Professor Sea Gull (1942) has a lot of details but profiling includes research beyond an interview. If Mitchell had asked to read the Oral History before forming a relationship with him, he would not have been surprised to find that the History never materialized.
His 1942 profile includes purposefully outdated language. He gave his opinion about Gould’s mission to document history.
“The Oral History is…an omnium-gatherum of bushwa, gab, palaver, hogwash…” he went on.
He conveys Gould’s character originally with amusement. He highlights Gould’s Harvard wit as a contrast to his erratic behavior and appearance. He described Gould’s behavior in the winter where he would layer his shirt with newspapers.
“I only use The Times,” he said. “I’m snobbish.”
Mitchell’s observations portray Gould as a phenomenon but in Joe Gould’s Secret (1964), he writes about him with an air of sympathy. He uses some of the same quotes he used in the first profile, including himself in the scenarios. Instead of saying that Gould drowns his eggs in ketchup, he says that he was there with him at the diner and was blamed for emptying the ketchup bottles.
He did this so that he could show his motive for waiting to tell Gould’s secret that the Oral History was not what he claimed it was. He formed a relationship with him at that point. Gould’s mission was to compile all the “informal history” there was. Mitchell captured that mission and exposed it as a mask he preferred Professor Sea Gull to keep on.
Joseph Mitchell Conquers Profile of Joe Gould
Joseph Mitchell’s “Professor Seagull” a profile on Joe Gould, a Village bohemian with many identities, as well as his second profile on the same man “Joe Gould’s Secret,” startled and humored me in ways a young reporter can only dream of.
While reading Mitchell’s first profile of Gould, I was curious about how he pitched the idea to his editor at The New Yorker—from profiling a nocturnal wanderer to a colorful story of a bohemian. It certainly was quite a challenge to keep tabs on Mr. Gould. He could have been any reporter’s nightmare…or dream.
Mitchell did a fantastic job at painting a portrait of Gould, using his journalistic skills to include colorful quotes and descriptions of the man with a book eleven times longer than the Bible, or so he says. (My most favorite description of Gould included the loads of ketchup he collected in diners, though he didn’t really like the stuff.)
Mitchell paid attention to the details and that is why his writing style in “Joe Gould’s Secret” as well as “Professor Seagull” proves to be timeless. With names of streets and places across New York, Mitchell tells a story of a man who still seems like he could be a member of the city today.
More importantly, as a reporter Mitchell was able to connect and be patient with Mr. Gould—which I believe was critical to tackling the story of such a fleeting, quirky personality.
While I saw less of Mitchell’s personality and opinion of Gould in his first profile, it became quite clear that he was driven to write his second profile of the same man because of the never-ending relationship and responsibility Mitchell had with his subject Gould.
Mitchell was earnest and even poetic:
I suddenly felt a surge of genuine respect for Gould. He had declined to stay in Norwood and live out his life as Pee Wee Gould, the town fool. If he had to play the fool he would do it on a larger stage, before a friendlier audience. He came to Greenwich Village and had found a mask for himself, and he had put it on and kept it on. The Eccentric Author of a Great, Mysterious, Unpublished Book—that was his mask. And, hiding behind it, he had created a character a good deal more complicated, it seemed to me, than most of the characters created by the novelists and playwrights of his time.”
I was not surprised when Mitchell found out Gould’s “Oral History” did not exist. But I certainly was surprised at Mitchell’s response in the excerpt above. I might have been quite upset, writing a profile for readers who later donated money so Gould could continue schlepping throughout the village collecting histories for his supposed book…buried in a duck and chicken farm in Long Island!
Mitchell was indeed upset with Gould after contacting editor friends to speak with Gould about publishing his “Oral History,” but he became captivated by Gould’s true story, which was not the mysterious book, but what it represented.
Though Mitchell grew frustrated with Gould at times. He very well could be nominated as one of the toughest subjects a reporter could choose. Gould had an unpredictable schedule, never-ending rants about himself, orders like switching his permanent mailing address to The New Yorker, and unexpected visits to Mitchell’s office with a hangover.
Though Mitchell made a transition in “Joe Gould’s Secret” as a dedicated reporter catering to Gould’s every whim, sitting to hear his “Oral History” for ten hour shifts at a time, to Mitchell as a believer.
As a young reporter, one can aspire to handle a situation like this: to be as patient and as tactical and as human as Mitchell was with his subject Joe Gould. He was a subject who many believed in and helped. And even though it is the job of a reporter to write the truth, Mitchell was tasked to write the profile of a deeper personality, one who had a mask.
The second time around—Mitchell got his profile of Joe Gould completely.
Posted in Joseph Mitchell
Tagged Kamelia Kilawan
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Professor Seagull
Put simply, I love Joe Gould’s Secret by Joseph Mitchell. It’s easy to see, now, why it is held in such high regard. However, I couldn’t help but think the entire time, ‘Lucky for Mitchell, he was profiling a writer.’
Mitchell obtained great quotes and colorful banter out of Gould not only because of his eccentric nature, but also because Gould was also a writer and a master (arguably) of words and journalism himself. No wonder all of the quotes are so playful and fit for a great profile. I would have loved to see the actual interactions between the two men. How can you so accurately profile a man or woman who is a master of the same field? Is there such truth in interviewing and profiling a character who knows exactly what you’re trying to get at, ultimately?
On the subject of dating himself, Mitchell dabbles in the kind of text that we are not accustomed to reading every day in 2013, but cannot be dubbed as “old fashioned” or “out of date” by any means.
On page 9, Mitchell writes, “…once a madam and once a dealer in narcotics…” The reader can understand that a “madam” is a prostitute, and a “dealer in narcotics” is a drug dealer in our lexicon, but he doesn’t use such outlandish words that we are left confused.
On page 27, Mitchell writes, “…enrolled a score or so of dues-paying members…” about Gould’s Friends of Albanian Independence. “Score,” meaning 20, is something that can be attributed to the text originally published in 1942 and not 2013.
Other words and phrases that Mitchell might use to date the text include, “A.B.” when referring to Gould’s degree from Harvard, “per cent” when referring to inaccurate numbers Gould spoke of, and “bareheaded” to describe Gould’s eccentric look when Mitchell first met him.
I liked, in particular, one great phrase.
Page 29, Gould describing the Oral History and what it means to him, “…my wound and the salt on it, my whiskey and my aspirin, and my rock and my salvation.”
Posted in Joseph Mitchell
Tagged gould, mitchell, Rebecca Ungarino
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Joe Gould’s Secret
Joe Mitchell’s account of the eccentric man that is Joe Gould is a trip to read. The writer’s writing style is very modern, easygoing and thoroughly detailed. An example of this is evident in his first profile of Joe Gould, Professor Sea Gull:
“Gould is a night wanderer, and he has put down descriptions of dreadful things he has seen on dark New York streets—descriptions, for example, of the herds of big gray rats that come out in the hours before dawn in some neighborhoods of the lower east Side and Harlem and unconcernedly walk the sidewalks”
Mitchell’s long sentence is a journey to Gould’s world, full of details and whimsies that not only describe the man’s environment, but the man’s personality, as well. Despite his long sentences, Mitchell has control. He doesn’t leave the reader astray and lost, but instead, he keeps them interested and immersed.
I wouldn’t refer to Mitchell’s writing as dated, but it is timeless. It is an interesting type of writing that takes both from journalistic and literary style. The journalistic writing comes from his detailed descriptions of Gould’s appearance, history, and the place he resides in. Mitchell’s literary voice comes through the way he lays down these descriptions in a style that almost reads like a novel. Joe Gould almost seems like a character from a fictional story, and a very interesting one at that. The story could be considered as feature writing if it weren’t for the overly specific details that somewhat leads me to question Mitchell’s approach in obtaining them.
Mitchell’s two profiles show Gould in two different lights. In the first profile, Professor Sea Gull, Mitchell describes Gould through the surface, such as his physical appearance, the tone of his voice, his attitude towards others and the details that Mitchell took from Gould as truth. Mitchell is also absent from this first profile. In the second profile, Joe Gould’s Secret, Mitchell digs further down the surface of the eccentric man through his own eyes. For the first time, Mitchell used the word, “I” to refer to his own personal experience of being with Gould. It puts not only Gould’s true personality into perspective, but his relationship to the writer, as well. His second profile, oddly enough, made Joe Gould a real person, as opposed to a legendary character in a fictional story.
The fictional “oral history” that Gould had made up to create his own identity is not a surprise to me. It almost reminds me of Jay Gatsby from The Great Gatsby, with the impressive way he tried to recreate himself through lies. It is heartbreaking on Mitchell’s part to have his trust broken, but it does show clear-cut honesty in his writing.
Protected: Joe Gould’s Secret
Posted in Joseph Mitchell
Tagged Jennifer Ross, joe gould, Joe Gould's Secret, Joseph Mitchell
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Joe Gould’s secret
Joseph Mitchell’s writing style is a bit descriptive; as you read along you cant help but feel like he’s very detailed with everything he’s trying to get across to the readers. More so the first version seems like a feature story, and the language is quite different from the second one, but all in all both are feature stories.
I also feel like Mitchell was impressed with Gould on the first reading, whereas in the second reading he was much more critical of him, setting up the reader to be surprised with the end. While we can say that his style is wordy, Mitchell definitely gives us example of how writing can be used to get messages across in a powerful way, with his use of nifty words are different, the spots he uses them in makes it in a way that It could be used today and still possibly work.
In the end I wasn’t really surprised with the truth about the oral history, after all, something that’s longer than the bible is pretty long itself. In addition, to claim that this “oral history” was much more informative than the books that have been passed down history seems really unrealistic; as well as saying it was composed of over 20,000 conversations. The fact though that he did not reveal the truth about the oral history not existing, tells me that he did not due it out of respect for Gould and perhaps because of his own writer’s block.
-Abel Ramirez
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Joe Gould’s Secret
In writing a profile of the curiously eccentric Bohemian Joe Gould, author Joseph Mitchell used two very different tactics. In his first profile, titled Professor Sea Gull, Mitchell’s writing style is fluid, artistic, formal, and full of dated vocabulary and terminology. “The Oral History is a great hodgepodge and a kitchen midden of hearsay, a repository of jabber, an omnium- gatherum of bushwa, gab, palaver, hogwash, flapdoodle…”, writes Mitchell. He also had a habit of connecting a series of ideas with “and”, a technique that may have crossed the line of rambling. For example, Mitchell writes, “In addition, he was nonsensical and bumptious and inquisitive and gossipy and mocking and sarcastic and scurrilous.” All in all, the first profile is a stiffly written biography about a unique man from a stranger’s point of view: curious, respectful, interested, and crammed with unique quotes from Gould that allow the reader to truly get a sense of the man.
In his second profile, written over 20 years later, Joseph Mitchell begins as he had written the first, yet eventually completely diverts from his plan. The beginning seems to mimic the original, as Mitchell juxtaposed uncomfortably short sentences (“On occasion, he stole.”) with impossibly and comically long sentences, simply toying with the reader:
“All through the years, nevertheless, a long succession of men and women gave him old clothes and small sums of money and bought him meals and drinks and paid for his lodging and invited him to parties and to weekends in the country and helped him get such things as glasses and false teeth, or otherwise took an interest-some because they thought he was entertaining, some because they felt sorry for him, some because they regarded him as sentimentally as a relic of the Village in their youth, some because they enjoyed looking down on him, some for reasons that they themselves probably weren’t at all sure of, and some because they believed that a book he had been working on for many years might possibly turn out to be a good book, even a great one, and wanted to encourage him to continue working on it.” (39)
After he finished lulling his readers to sleep and have them simply skim over paragraphs of writing, Mitchell abruptly changes to a fast paced, casual, and modern first person narrative. In it, not only does Mitchell fully describe and record Joe Gould’s life, but he also lends the reader a window into his personality, and his life. While Gould was once an attraction worthy of an audience, he is now a human being with a history, feelings and emotions. The incredibly detailed narratives written verbatim contain the background and clarification needed to present the random quotes from the first narrative. It is here that Mitchell openly expresses his opinion of Gould as the story progresses, rapidly shifting from curiosity, to sympathy, to respect, to resentment, and then gradually back to admiration. He clearly wrote the second profile which revealed the truth of the phony Oral History to illustrate a man’s struggle for identity, and to pay homage to a dear friend who had captured his loyalty. Although this rambling, overly- detailed, and at times incoherent piece is clearly not feature writing, its idiosyncrasies and touching storyline make it a classic.
Joe Gould’s Secret Response
Joseph Mitchell’s is very descriptive in his writing and paints a clear picture of Joe Gould. Mitchell’s first draft Professor Sea Gull is written as a feature story. The writing is descriptive, but the language in this piece is dated at times. “Once in a while he trudges up to Harlem and goes to one of the establishments known as “Extensions of Heavens” that are operated by followers of Father Divime, the Negro evangelist,” is an example of Mitchell’s use of dated language. His references to African Americans, prices of things and describing Gould as a Bohemian keep the writing trapped in a time period.
The language in Mitchell’s rewrite, Joe Gould’s Secret, is more lively and timeless. The overall flow of the rewrite is that of a novel and not a basic feature. The descriptions are more compelling and the piece is organized different from Professor Sea Gull. This allowed Mitchell to develop Gould in a chronological order with more detail about his background. The reorganization further allowed the reader to connect more with Gould’s character. As a result, Joe Gould’s Secret is longer than the original. In this case, longer is better because the writing is more contemporary and easier to read through. The downside is that the essence of the time period that is written becomes blurred, but the reader is reassured by the mention of dates and specific historical events.
Mitchell’s writing clearly matured in between the original and the rewrite. He seem to have learned more about Gould the second time around. Mitchell’s opinion is clear because both pieces seem to be written from his point of view. Joe Gould’s Secret contains more of his opinion than his original. Mitchell’s uses first person in the rewrite to personally describe Gould. In Professor Gould, he is more neutral describing the situation in third person, but not from specific personal opinion. This is what makes Joe Gould’s secret more of a novel or modern feature.
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Tagged Earl Mays, Joseph Mitchell
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Mitchell Finally Puts His Profile to Rest
Mitchell’s two profiles on Joe Gould, the Greenwich Village bohemian, intimately provide a descriptive, lengthy feature on the eccentric man. Both are, in fact, feature articles. Mitchell’s prose in both profiles brings the essence of Gould alive. In Professor Sea Gull, he writes, “Gould is as restless and footloose as an alley cat,” describing how Gould slinks around from place to place. Mitchell’s diction is fresh; not to mention, Mitchell goes on to provide extensive details about Gould’s shabby appearance. Even the quotes Mitchell choses from Gould illustrate the bohemian’s character. Mitchell records Gould bizarrely saying, “The countess and I spent three weeks studying sea gulls.” He also quoted Gould saying, “I’ll…[write] down the informal history of the shirt-sleeved multitude.” What a character!
Even if this was written today, the prose would still work. Mitchell’s attention to detail serves as a reminder to present day journalists what good writing and reporting really is. More importantly, despite Gould being a “bohemian,” Mitchell gave the man respect. Gould was a homeless man, a man begging for “donations to the Joe Gould fund.” Most people wouldn’t have given him the time of day. Mitchell describes spending lengthy hours in bars, Goody’s, and his office with Gould, hearing the same story over and over. Mitchell endured because Gould felt he was speaking of things important to the profile.
Mitchell clearly admires Joseph Gould. This particularly comes through in his second profile, Joe Gould’s Secret, which was far more personal for Mitchell than Professor Sea Gull. Just after Mitchell reveals when he learned about Gould’s secret—the Oral History of Our Time doesn’t exist—Mitchell goes down a personal path. His personal reflections regarding this revelation range from those of sadness, “I began to feel depressed. I had ben duped by Gould,” to admiration, “I suddenly felt a surge of respect… for Gould.” Mitchell compared Gould to himself, for over a year he’d been thinking about a novel but couldn’t write it. Mitchell saw Gould as, simply, a lost soul and a disappointment to his father who turned his own life into that of a supposed “illustrious historian.” This second piece puts to rest something Mitchell put much of his time and energy into. Finally, the journalist felt he did a complete, finished profile of Joseph Gould.
Joseph Mitchell “Joe Gould’s Secret” Questions
I asked you to upload a post on the Joseph Mitchell reading, Joe Gould’s Secret.
Try to answer the following questions:
How would your describe Mitchell’s writing style? Give a few examples to illustrate his techniques. Is his writing style, old-fashioned or dated? Would you call this feature writing? Mitchell wrote two profiles of Joe Gould. The first was written in 1942 and it was called, “Professor Sea Gull.” The second was published in 1964 and it was called, “Joe Gould’s Secret.” Why do you think he wrote TWO pieces on Gould? How are these profiles different? Does Mitchell reveal his own point-0f-view on Gould in the stories? Were you surprised to learn the TRUTH about The Oral History?
Have fun writing this post! If you would like to do so, try writing it in Mitchell’s style!
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